As students returned to school for the 2021-2022 school year, states set a variety of policies on education and the COVID-19 pandemic, including how schools should open to in-person instruction and whether students and staff would be required to wear masks. By the end of the 2020-2021 school year, about 66% of students nationwide were in states that left closure decisions to schools or districts, 33% were in states with state-ordered in-person instruction, and 1% were in states with state-ordered regional school closures.[1][2] All 50 states closed schools to in-person instruction at some point during the 2019-2020 school year in response to the coronavirus pandemic.
This article summarizes responses to the coronavirus in New Mexico schools in the academic years ending in 2020, 2021, and 2022. You will find:
- A timeline of events by school year
- A nationwide summary of school mask and vaccine requirements in the 2021-2022 school year
- A summary of school reopening statuses in the 2020-2021 academic year
- A summary of school reopening statuses in the 2019-2020 academic year
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Contents
- 1 Timeline by school year
- 2 Mask and vaccine requirements in the 2021-2022 school year
- 3 Mask requirements in schools
- 4 Teacher and school employee vaccine requirements
- 5 Student vaccine requirements
Timeline by school year[edit]
Below is a list of major events involving schools in New Mexico during the coronavirus pandemic between 2019 and 2022, including school closings and openings, mask requirements, and the release of statewide operating guidance. Know of something we missed? Click here to email us and let us know.
2021-2022 school year[edit]
- Sept. 9, 2021: At the beginning of the school year, Burbio, a school data aggregator, reported seven in-person schooling disruptions in New Mexico.[3][4]
2020-2021 school year[edit]
- June 29, 2021: At the end of the school year, Burbio reported all schools were in-person in New Mexico .[5][6]
- March 9, 2021: New Mexico Public Education Secretary Ryan Stewart announced all schools and grade levels could return to full-time in-person classes if schools were able to establish the safety protocols the state outlined. Stewart also said schools were expected to return to five-days-a-week in-person classes by April 5. Previously, all primary and secondary schools could open under a hybrid model.[7]
- January 18, 2021: Schools in areas of New Mexico with lower transmission rates were permitted to begin reopening for in-person or hybrid instruction.[8]
- January 4, 2021: Schools in New Mexico were required to close in-person instruction through Jan. 15 to mitigate virus spread.[9]
- Sept. 10, 2020: At the beginning of the school year, Burbio reported most schools were using virtual or hybrid learning in New Mexico .[10][11]
- July 23, 2020: New Mexico Gov. Michelle Lujan Grisham (D) announced schools would not be able to open for in-person instruction until after September 7. Individual school districts decided when classes began in New Mexico, so there was no statewide reopening date.[12]
- June 23, 2020: The New Mexico Department of Public Education released guidance for reopening schools. The guidance required students and staff to wear masks and eliminated large gatherings like pep rallies and assemblies.[13]
2019-2020 school year[edit]
- March 27, 2020: Lujan Grisham announced that schools would be closed for the remainder of the academic year. Prior to the announcement, schools were scheduled to reopen on April 6.[14]
- March 12, 2020: Grisham announced that schools across the state would close for three weeks beginning on March 16.[15]
Mask and vaccine requirements in the 2021-2022 school year[edit]
Mask requirements in schools[edit]
As of November 10, 2021, masks were required in schools by 17 states. Twenty-eight states left mask requirements in schools up to local authorities. Five states banned school mask requirements.
Four statewide school mask requirements only applied to some schools or individuals:
- Nevada's school mask requirement only applied to districts with more than 100,000 residents.
- New Mexico's school mask requirement only applied to unvaccinated individuals and all individuals in elementary school.
- Massachusetts schools could become exempt from the school mask requirement when at least 80% of students were vaccinated.
- Louisiana school districts could be exempt from the school mask requirement if they followed CDC quarantine guidance.
The table below shows school mask requirement laws and orders in states with school mask requirements or school mask requirement bans in place.
Teacher and school employee vaccine requirements[edit]
As of November 4, 2021, eight states had a statewide requirement for K-12 teachers and staff to be vaccinated against the coronavirus or receive regular coronavirus testing. The table below shows teacher and staff vaccine requirement laws and orders in states with teacher and staff vaccine requirements in place.
| Vaccine requirement orders | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| State | Testing instead of vaccination allowed? | Type of order | Date effective |
| California | Yes | California Department of Public Health order | Oct. 15, 2021 |
| Connecticut | No | Executive order | Sept. 27, 2021 |
| Delaware | Yes | Executive order | Nov. 1, 2021 |
| Illinois | Yes | Executive order | Sept. 19, 2021 |
| New Jersey | Yes | Executive order | Oct. 18, 2021 |
| New York | Yes | Executive order | -- |
| Oregon | No | Executive order | Oct. 18, 2021 |
| Washington | No | Executive order | Oct. 18, 2021 |
Student vaccine requirements[edit]
On Oct. 1, California became the first state to announce a vaccine requirement for eligible students.
School reopenings and closures (2020-2021 academic year)[edit]
Initial school year operating plan[edit]
New Mexico released an initial operating plan for the 2020-2021 school year on June 23, 2020. An analysis of this plan appeared in our Documenting America's Path to Recovery newsletter on July 20. The sections below include an analysis of the plan, the details of the plan, and reactions from officials to the plan.
The New Mexico Public Education Department released phased school reopening guidance on June 23. According to the plan, “A phased entry approach will allow the state to collect and analyze data on the impact of a controlled start on the spread of the virus. This information will be essential to ensure that the state is able to move toward the goal of returning all children to a full school schedule as soon as it can be safely accomplished.”
The guidance permits schools to open on a hybrid schedule that allows public schools to comply with social distancing and other requirements as early as Aug. 3. School districts are allowed to set their own reopening dates. According to EdWeek, public schools in New Mexico traditionally start the academic year between early and mid-August, with the exact start date varying by district.
On March 12, Gov. Michelle Lujan Grisham (D) closed public schools through April 5, effective March 16. Lujan Grisham ended the public school year on March 27.
| New Mexico school metrics | ||
|---|---|---|
| Category | Figure | Rank |
| Per pupil spending (16-17) | $11,602 | 35 |
| Number of students (18-19) | 333,536 | 36 |
| Number of teachers (Fall 2016) | 21,331 | 37 |
| Number of public schools (18-19) | 883 | 36 |
| Student:teacher ratio (18-19) | 15.8 | 18 |
| Percent qualifying for free/reduced lunch (16-17) | 71.4% | 2 |
| New Mexico school revenue | ||
|---|---|---|
| Category | Figure | Rank |
| Total revenue | $3,986,781,000 | 37 |
| Federal revenue percent | 14.0% | 4 |
| State revenue percent | 69.5% | 3 |
| Local revenue percent | 16.5% | 48 |
Context[edit]
New Mexico is a Democratic trifecta. The governor is a Democrat, and Democrats hold majorities in both chambers of the state legislature. The state became a Democratic trifecta in 2018.
The following tables show public education statistics in New Mexico, including a rank comparing it to the other 49 states. Rank one is the highest number of each figure, rank 50 is the lowest. All data comes from the Common Core of Data provided by the National Center for Education Statistics.
Details[edit]
District reopening plans
School districts are not required to develop individualized reopening plans or submit plans to the state. Districts and schools must comply with the state’s eight minimum reopening requirements.
In-person, hybrid, and online learning
New Mexico’s reopening plan contains a red phase, yellow phase, and green phase. State health officials are responsible for determining what phase is appropriate based on regional and statewide data.
In the red phase, most instruction would be conducted remotely, though schools may make exceptions for small groups of K-3 students. New Mexico public schools are starting the year in the yellow phase of reentry, which uses a hybrid schedule to limit classrooms to 50% capacity and ensure six-foot social distancing can be kept at all times. In the green phase, schools can reopen at full capacity, five days per week, with heightened sanitation and hygiene standards.
Mask requirements
Masks are required for students and faculty except when they are eating, drinking, or exercising.
In-person health recommendations and requirements
New Mexico’s reopening plan contains the following guidance for schools in the yellow phase of reopening to limit community spread:
- Operate with at least six feet of social distancing at all times.
- Establish and maintain communication with local and state DOH health officials.
- Participate in contact tracing efforts and specimen collection efforts as directed by local health officials.
- Post signage in classrooms, hallways, and entrances to communicate how to stop the spread of COVID-19.
- Screen all students for COVID-19 symptoms to the greatest extent feasible. Consider temperature screenings or daily health check questionnaires for students and staff if feasible.
- Educate parents to be on the alert for signs of illness in their children and to keep the children home when they are sick.
- Establish a protocol for students/staff who feel ill/ experience symptoms when they come to school (see When a Child, Staff Member, or Visitor Becomes Sick at School).
- Isolate and deep clean impacted classrooms and spaces.
- Consider ways to accommodate needs of children, teachers/staff, and families at higher risk for severe illness.
In the green phase, the following guidance applies:
- Practice social distancing to the greatest extent possible.
- Establish and maintain communication with local and state DOH health officials.
- Participate in contact tracing efforts and specimen collection efforts as directed by local health officials.
- Post signage in classrooms, hallways, and entrances to communicate how to stop the spread of COVID-19.
- Establish a protocol for students/staff who feel ill/experience symptoms when they come to school (see When a Child, Staff Member, or Visitor Becomes Sick at School).
- Consider ways to accommodate needs of children, teachers/staff, and families at higher risk for severe illness.
Transportation and busing requirements and restrictions
New Mexico’s public school reopening plan contains the following guidance for transporting students to and from school and activities:
- While transporting students to and from schools, require students to sit in spaced and assigned seating according to the following:
- A maximum of two students may sit together on a bus seat.
- Schools in the yellow category should take all reasonable steps to limit bus seats to one student to the best of their ability, including encouraging parents to drive their children if possible, staggering bus routes, and expanding the minimum radius of eligibility for bus services.
- Assign bus attendants or other additional staff to support with safety and screening of students to the extent possible.
- Provide hand sanitizer for students, bus drivers and bus attendants.
- Provide face masks or face shields for bus drivers and bus attendants.
- Require bus drivers, bus attendants, and students to wear face masks or face shields.
- Screen students, bus drivers and bus attendants for symptoms of illness. Conducting temperature checks on students before they get on the bus is recommended but not required.
- Eliminate field trips and non-essential travel except travel conducted under NMAA guidelines for sports and extra-curricular activities.
- Clean and disinfect frequently touched surfaces on the bus at least daily. It is suggested to install plastic wrap/membrane on high touch surfaces such as handrails that will be changed daily.
- Establish protocols for bus stops and loading/unloading students to minimize congregation of children from different households.
- Air out buses when not in use.
- Restrict group transportation including carpooling.
Map of school closures[edit]
The map below shows the status of school reopenings and closures at the end of the 2020-2021 academic year.
As of July 8, 2021, the status of school closures and reopenings was as follows:
- Two states (Delaware, Hawaii) and Washington, D.C. had state-ordered regional school closures, required closures for certain grade levels, or allowed hybrid instruction only.
- 2019-20 enrollment: 410,896 students (0.81% of students nationwide)
- Thirteen states had state-ordered in-person instruction.
- 2019-20 enrollment: 15,697,460 students (30.96% of students nationwide)
- One state (Arizona) had state-ordered in-person instruction for certain grades.
- 2019-20 enrollment: 1,152,586 students (2.27% of students nationwide)
- Thirty-four states left decisions to schools or districts.
- 2019-20 enrollment: 33,449,499 students (65.96% of students nationwide)
School reopenings and closures (2019-2020 academic year)[edit]
The map below shows the status of school reopenings and closures at the end of the 2019-2020 academic year.
- States closed to in-person instruction for the remainder of the 2019-2020 school year: 48
- Number of public school students in states closed to in-person instruction for the remainder of the 2019-2020 school year: 50,261,464
The chart below shows the first date schools in a state were closed to in-person instruction during the 2019-2020 academic year, divided by the political party of the governor.
School responses by state[edit]
To read about school responses to the coronavirus pandemic in others states, click one of the following links below:
- Alabama
- Alaska
- Arizona
- Arkansas
- California
- Colorado
- Connecticut
- Delaware
- Florida
- Georgia
- Hawaii
- Idaho
- Illinois
- Indiana
- Iowa
- Kansas
- Kentucky
- Louisiana
- Maine
- Maryland
- Massachusetts
- Michigan
- Minnesota
- Mississippi
- Missouri
- Montana
- Nebraska
- Nevada
- New Hampshire
- New Jersey
- New Mexico
- New York
- North Carolina
- North Dakota
- Ohio
- Oklahoma
- Oregon
- Pennsylvania
- Rhode Island
- South Carolina
- South Dakota
- Tennessee
- Texas
- Utah
- Vermont
- Virginia
- Washington
- West Virginia
- Wisconsin
- Wyoming
General resources[edit]
The chart below shows coronavirus statistics from countries across the world. The information is provided by Real Clear Politics.
Click the links below to explore official resources related to the coronavirus outbreak.
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
- National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
- Occupational Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor
- U.S. Department of Education
- World Health Organization
- Trends in Number of COVID-19 Cases and Deaths in the US Reported to CDC, by State/Territory
- Coronavirus (COVID-19) Vaccinations, Our World in Data (Number of vaccines administered)
- Coronavirus Vaccine Tracker, New York Times (Progress of vaccine trials)
See also[edit]
- Documenting America's Path to Recovery
- School responses to the coronavirus pandemic by state (2021-2022 academic year)
- School responses to the coronavirus pandemic by state (2020-2021 academic year)
- New Mexico’s responses to the coronavirus pandemic
- COVID-19 vaccine distribution by state
- Travel restrictions by state
- Federal government responses to the coronavirus pandemic
Footnotes[edit]
- ↑ National Center for Education Statistics, "Number of operating public schools and districts, student membership, teachers, and pupil/teacher ratio, by state or jurisdiction: School year 2019–20," accessed September 10, 2021
- ↑ EducationWeek, "Map: Where Were Schools Required to Be Open for the 2020-21 School Year?," June 14, 2021
- ↑ To read more about Burbio's school disruption tracking, click here
- ↑ Burbio, "Burbio's K-12 School Opening Tracker," accessed August 27, 2021
- ↑ Burbio rated New Mexico's in-person index at 100. To read more about Burbio's school opening tracker, click here. To read more about Burbio's methodology, click here.
- ↑ Burbio, "Burbio's K-12 School Opening Tracker," accessed Oct. 8, 2021
- ↑ Cite error: Invalid
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<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs namedNM14 - ↑ Burbio rated New Mexico's in-person index between 0-20. To read more about Burbio's school opening tracker, click here. To read more about Burbio's methodology, click here.
- ↑ Burbio, "Burbio's K-12 School Opening Tracker," accessed Oct. 8, 2021
- ↑ Associated Press, "New Mexico governor opts for online start to the school year," July 24, 2020
- ↑ Associated Press, "New Mexico releases plan for reopening public schools," June 23, 2020
- ↑ Twitter, "Michelle Lujan Grisham on March 27, 2020," accessed March 27, 2020
- ↑ Twitter, "Coronavirus Alerts on March 12, 2020," accessed March 12, 2020
- ↑ On Sept. 2, 2021 the ban was temporarily suspended by court action. An appeals court upheld the ban on Sept. 10.