American sociologist

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|

William Julius Wilson

Born|  (1935-12-20) December 20, 1935 (age 86)

Derry, Pennsylvania, U.S.

Awards|

* National Medal of Science (1998)
* Talcott Parsons Prize (2003)
* Moynihan Prize (2013)

Academic background
Alma mater|

* Wilberforce University
* Bowling Green State University
* Washington State University[1]

Academic work
Discipline| Sociology
Institutions|

* Harvard University
* University of Chicago

Doctoral students|

* Michael Burawoy
* Sudhir Venkatesh
* Loïc Wacquant[2]

Notable works| The Truly Disadvantaged (1987)

William Julius Wilson (born December 20, 1935) is an American sociologist. He is a professor at Harvard University and author of works on urban sociology, race and class issues. Laureate of the National Medal of Science, he served as the 80th President of the American Sociological Association, was a member of numerous national boards and commissions. He identified the importance of neighborhood effects and demonstrated how limited employment opportunities and weakened institutional resources exacerbated poverty within American inner-city neighborhoods.[3]

## Contents

* 1 Academic career
* 2 Publication
* 3 Influence
* 4 Criticism of his work
* 5 Honors
* 6 References
* 7 External links

## Academic career[edit]

Wilson is Lewis P. and Linda L. Geyser University Professor at Harvard University.[4] He is one of 25 University Professors, the highest professional distinction for a Harvard faculty member.[5] After receiving a PhD from Washington State University in 1966, Wilson taught sociology at the University of Massachusetts Amherst, before joining the University of Chicago faculty in 1972.[5] In 1990 he was appointed the Lucy Flower University Professor and director of the University of Chicago's Center for the Study of Urban Inequality. He joined the faculty at Harvard in July 1996. He is affiliated with the Malcolm Wiener Center for Social Policy at the John F. Kennedy School of Government, the Hutchins Center for African and African American Research, and Harvard's Department of Sociology. He is a member of the Library of Congress Scholars Council.[6]

Wilson was an original board member of the progressive Century Institute, and a current board member at Philadelphia-based Public/Private Ventures as well as PolicyLink and the Center on Budget and Policy Priorities. He was Sudhir Venkatesh's advisor when Venkatesh was a PhD student at the University of Chicago.[7]

## Publication[edit]

Wilson is the author of Power Racism and Privilege: Race Relations in Theoretical and Sociohistorical Perspectives (1973, 1976), The Declining Significance of Race: Blacks and Changing American Institutions (1978, 1980, 2012), winner of the American Sociological Association's Sydney Spivack Award; The Truly Disadvantaged: The Inner City, the Underclass, and Public Policy (1987, 2012), which was selected by the editors of the New York Times Book Review as one of the 16 best books of 1987,[8] and received The Washington Monthly Annual Book Award, the Society for the Study of Social Problems' C. Wright Mills Award and the American Political Science Association's Aaron Wildavsky Enduring Contribution Award; When Work Disappears: The World of the New Urban Poor (1996), which was selected as one of the notable books of 1996 by the editors of the New York Times Book Review and received the 1997 Hillman Prize and the American Political Science Association's Aaron Wildavsky Enduring Contribution Award; and The Bridge Over the Racial Divide: Rising Inequality and Coalition Politics. More recently, he is the co-author of There Goes the Neighborhood: Racial, Ethnic, and Class Tensions in Four Chicago Neighborhoods and Their Meaning for America (2006), and Good Kids in Bad Neighborhoods: Successful Development in Social Context (2006); and author of More than Just Race: Being Black and Poor in the Inner City (2009).

In The Declining Significance of Race: Blacks and Changing American Institutions (1978) Wilson argues that the significance of race is waning, and that for African Americans, class is comparatively more important in determining their life chances. In The Truly Disadvantaged: The Inner City, the Underclass, and Public Policy (1987), Wilson was one of the first to enunciate at length the "spatial mismatch" theory for the development of a ghetto underclass. As industrial jobs disappeared in cities in the wake of global economic restructuring, and hence urban unemployment increased, women found it unwise to marry the fathers of their children since the fathers would not be breadwinners. In The Truly Disadvantaged Wilson also argued against Charles Murray's theory of welfare causing poverty.[9]

In Wilson's most recent book, More Than Just Race: Being Black and Poor in the Inner City (2009), he directs his attention to the overall framing of pervasive, concentrated urban poverty of African Americans. He asks the question, "Why do poverty and unequal opportunity persist in the lives of so many African Americans?" In response, he traces the history and current state of powerful structural factors impacting African Americans, such as discrimination in laws, policies, hiring, housing, and education. Wilson also examines the interplay of structural factors and the attitudes and assumptions of African Americans, European Americans, and social science researchers. In identifying the dynamic influence of structural, economic, and cultural factors, he argues against either/or politicized views of poverty among African Americans that either focus blame solely on cultural factors or only on unjust structural factors. He tries "to demonstrate the importance of understanding not only the independent contributions of social structure and culture but also how they interact to shape different group outcomes that embody racial inequality." Wilson's goal is to "rethink the way we talk about addressing the problems of race and urban poverty in the public policy arena."[10]

## Influence[edit]

Wilson's book When Work Disappears has been cited as an inspiration for the second season of the HBO show The Wire.[11]

## Criticism of his work[edit]

Beginning with The Declining Significance of Race, Wilson's work has attracted a great deal of controversy and criticism, see for example Willie's The Inclining Significance of Race.[12]

In his book Still the Promised City? African-Americans and New Immigrants in Postindustrial New York, Roger Waldinger, a professor of Sociology at the University of California, Los Angeles, provides a critique of arguments advanced by Wilson in The Truly Disadvantaged. In particular, Waldinger challenges Wilson's argument that the labor market problems African Americans face today are largely due to deindustrialization and consequent skills mismatches.[13] Waldinger argues that, on one hand, African Americans never were especially dependent on jobs in the manufacturing sector, so deindustrialization in itself has not had a major impact on African Americans, and that, on the other hand, the relative labor market success of poorly educated immigrants suggests that there is no absence of jobs for those with few skills in the post-industrial era (see Anthony Orum's review of the book).[14] One limitation to the full credibility of Waldinger's study, however, is that it is based entirely on research in New York City and, therefore, its findings are difficult to generalize to cities such as Detroit, Baltimore, Philadelphia, Cleveland, and others where blacks were indeed concentrated in the manufacturing sector.

The concept of 'the ghetto' and 'underclass' has faced criticism both empirically and theoretically. Research has shown significant differences in resources for neighborhoods with similar populations both across cities and over time.[15] This includes differences in the resources of neighborhoods with predominantly low income and/or racial minority populations. It has been argued that the cause of these differences in resources across similar neighborhoods likely has more to do with dynamics outside of the neighborhood.[16] To a large extent the problem with the 'ghetto' and 'underclass' concepts stem from the reliance on case studies (in particular case studies from Chicago), which confine social scientist understandings of socially disadvantaged neighborhoods.[citation needed]

## Honors[edit]

Past President of the American Sociological Association,[17] Wilson has received 45 honorary degrees, including honorary doctorates from Yale,[18] Princeton University, Columbia University, the University of Pennsylvania, Northwestern University, Johns Hopkins University, New York University, Bard College, Dartmouth College, and the University of Amsterdam in the Netherlands.[citation needed] A MacArthur Prize Fellow from 1987 to 1992, Wilson has been elected to the National Academy of Sciences, the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, the National Academy of Education, the American Philosophical Society, the Institute of Medicine, and the British Academy. In June 1996 he was selected by Time magazine as one of America's 25 Most Influential People.[19][20] In 1997, he received the Golden Plate Award of the American Academy of Achievement.[21] He is a recipient of the 1998 National Medal of Science,[22] the highest scientific honor in the United States, and was awarded the Talcott Parsons Prize in the Social Sciences by the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 2003; the Daniel Patrick Moynihan Prize by the Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science in 2013; the Robert and Helen Lynd Award for Distinguished Career Achievement by the Community and Urban Section of the American Sociological Association in 2013; and the W.E.B. Du Bois Career of Distinguished Scholarship Award by the American Sociological Association in 2014, the highest award bestowed by the American Sociological Association.[23]

Other honors granted to Wilson include the Seidman Award in Political Economy[24] (the first and only non-economist to receive the award); the Golden Plate Achievement Award; the Distinguished Alumnus Award, Washington State University; the American Sociological Association's Dubois, Johnson, Frazier Award (for significant scholarship in the field of inter-group relations); the American Sociological Association's Award for Public Understanding of Sociology; Burton Gordon Feldman Award ("for outstanding contributions in the field of public policy") Brandeis University; and the Martin Luther King Jr. National Award (granted by the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, Los Angeles); the Diverse: Issues in Higher Education's John Hope Franklin Award; Everett Mendelsohn Excellence in Mentoring Award, Harvard University; and the Anisfield-Wolf Book Award for Lifetime Achievement in Nonfiction. He was designated a Walter Channing Cabot Fellow at Harvard University for 2009–2010. And in 2012, the Inequality, Poverty, and Mobility Section of the American Sociological Association renamed its Early Career Award as the William Julius Wilson Early Career Award.[25]

Wilson also served on a member of numerous national boards and commissions including, the Social Science Research Council, Spelman College, Bard College, National Humanities Center, Levy Economic Institute and Manpower Demonstration Research Corporation. He was previously the Chair of the Board of the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences and of the Russell Sage Foundation.[26][27]

In 2010, Wilson received the Anisfield-Wolf Book Award Lifetime Achievement Award in Nonfiction.[28]

## References[edit]

1. ^ "CV" (PDF). Retrieved 9 November 2019.
2. ^ Wacquant, Loïc J.D. (1994). Urban outcasts: Color, class, and place in two advanced societies (PhD thesis). University of Chicago. OCLC 30529594.
3. ^ Caves, R. W. (2004). Encyclopedia of the City. Routledge. p. 769\. ISBN 978-0415862875.
4. ^ "William Julius Wilson". sociology.fas.harvard.edu. Retrieved 2020-01-18.
5. ^ a b "William Julius Wilson, Lewis P. and Linda L. Geyser University Professor". hks.harvard.edu.
6. ^ "V-Z | Past Resident Scholars | Scholars in Residence | The John W. Kluge Center at the Library of Congress | Programs at the Library of Congress | Library of Congress". Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-06-10.
7. ^ Venkatesh, Sudhir Alladi (2008). Gang leader for a day: a rogue sociologist takes to the streets. ISBN 978-1-59420-150-9. OCLC 173640924.
8. ^ "Editors' Choices: The Best Books of 1987". The New York Times. 1987-12-06. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2020-01-19.
9. ^ Wilson, William Julius (2012). Truly Disadvantaged: the Inner City, the Underclass, and Public Policy. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-226-92465-6. OCLC 958540134.
10. ^ William Julius Wilson, "More Than Just Race: Being Black and Poor in the Inner City", Poverty & Race, Volume 18: Number 3, May/June 2009.
11. ^ This Will Be on the Midterm. You Feel Me?, Slate.com
12. ^ Willie, C: The Inclining Significance of Race, Society, 15(5), 1978.
13. ^ Waldinger, R.: Still the Promised City? African-Americans and New Immigrants in Postindustrial New York. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1996.
14. ^ Orum, A.: Hard Times in the City. Published on H-Urban, November 1997.
15. ^ Small, Mario. L., & McDermott, Monica. (2006). The presence of organizational resources in poor urban neighborhoods: An analysis of average and contextual effects. Social Forces, 84(3), 1697–1724
16. ^ Logan, John, and Harvey Molotch. 1987. "Urban fortunes." The Political Economy of Place. Berkeley, University of California
17. ^ "William Julius Wilson". American Sociological Association. 2009-06-04. Retrieved 2020-01-14.
18. ^ "Sociologist William Julius Wilson Receives Honorary Doctorate at Yale Commencement | Sociology". sociology.yale.edu. Retrieved 2020-01-19.
19. ^ Finkelman, Paul (2009). Encyclopedia of African American History: 5-Volume Set. Oxford University Press, USA. p. 144\. ISBN 978-0-19-516779-5.
20. ^ "TIME 25: THEY RANGE IN AGE FROM 31 TO 67". Time. 1996-06-17. ISSN 0040-781X. Retrieved 2020-01-14.
21. ^ "Golden Plate Awardees of the American Academy of Achievement". www.achievement.org. American Academy of Achievement.
22. ^ "The President's National Medal of Science: Recipient Details | NSF - National Science Foundation". www.nsf.gov. Retrieved 2020-01-14.
23. ^ "W.E.B. Du Bois Career of Distinguished Scholarship Award". American Sociological Association. 2016-04-22. Retrieved 2020-06-10.
24. ^ Wilson, William Julius (1994-09-17). "The Political Economy and Urban Racial Tensions". `{{cite journal}}`: Cite journal requires `|journal=` (help)
25. ^ "Section on Inequality, Poverty and Mobility Award Recipients". American Sociological Association. 2011-10-06. Retrieved 2020-06-10.
26. ^ "William Julius Wilson | Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences". casbs.stanford.edu. Retrieved 2020-06-10.
27. ^ "William Julius Wilson | RSF". www.russellsage.org. Retrieved 2020-06-10.
28. ^ anisfield-wolf.org

## External links[edit]

Wikiquote has quotations related to William Julius Wilson.

* Appearances on C-SPAN
* "William Julius Wilson" The John W. Kluge Center at the Library of Congress

Professional and academic associations

Preceded by

Joan Huber

|  President of the American Sociological Association
1990  | Succeeded by

Stanley Lieberson

Awards
Preceded by

Fox Butterfield

|  Hillman Prize for Book Journalism
1997  | Succeeded by

Robert Kuttner

Preceded by

Joseph Greenberg

|  Talcott Parsons Prize
2003  | Succeeded by

Daniel Kahneman

Preceded by

Paule Marshall

|  Anisfield-Wolf Book Award
for Lifetime Achievement
2010
With:  Elizabeth Alexander and Oprah Winfrey | Succeeded by

John Edgar Wideman

New award |  William Julius Wilson Award
2011  | Succeeded by

David Simon

Preceded by

Paul Volcker

|  Daniel Patrick Moynihan Prize
2013  | Succeeded by

Joseph Stiglitz

Preceded by

Joe Feagin

|  W.E.B. Du Bois Career of
Distinguished Scholarship Award
2014  | Succeeded by

John W. Meyer

* v
* t
* e

Presidents of the American Sociological Association

1906–1925|

* Lester Frank Ward (1906–1907)
* William Graham Sumner (1908–1909)
* Franklin Henry Giddings (1910–1911)
* Albion Woodbury Small (1912–1913)
* Edward Alsworth Ross (1914–1915)
* George Edgar Vincent (1916)
* George Elliott Howard (1917)
* Charles Cooley (1918)
* Frank W. Blackmar (1919)
* James Q. Dealey (1920)
* Edward C. Hayes (1921)
* James P. Lichtenberger (1922)
* Ulysses G. Weatherly (1923)
* Charles A. Ellwood (1924)
* Robert E. Park (1925)

1926–1950|

* John L. Gillin [de] (1926)
* W. I. Thomas (1927)
* John M. Gillette [de] (1928)
* William Fielding Ogburn (1929)
* Howard W. Odum (1930)
* Emory S. Bogardus (1931)
* Luther L. Bernard [de] (1932)
* Edward B. Reuter [de] (1933)
* Ernest Burgess (1934)
* F. Stuart Chapin (1935)
* Henry Pratt Fairchild (1936)
* Ellsworth Faris (1937)
* Frank H. Hankins (1938)
* Edwin Sutherland (1939)
* Robert Morrison MacIver (1940)
* Stuart A. Queen [de] (1941)
* Dwight Sanderson (1942)
* George A. Lundberg (1943)
* Rupert B. Vance [de] (1944)
* Kimball Young (1945)
* Carl Cleveland Taylor [de] (1946)
* Louis Wirth (1947)
* E. Franklin Frazier (1948)
* Talcott Parsons (1949)
* Leonard S. Cottrell Jr. [de] (1950)

1951–1975|

* Robert C. Angell (1951)
* Dorothy Swaine Thomas (1952)
* Samuel A. Stouffer (1953)
* Florian Znaniecki (1954)
* Donald Young (1955)
* Herbert Blumer (1956)
* Robert K. Merton (1957)
* Robin M. Williams Jr. (1958)
* Kingsley Davis (1959)
* Howard P. Becker (1960)
* Robert E. L. Faris (1961)
* Paul Lazarsfeld (1962)
* Everett Hughes (1963)
* George C. Homans (1964)
* Pitirim Sorokin (1965)
* Wilbert E. Moore (1966)
* Charles P. Loomis (1967)
* Philip Hauser (1968)
* Arnold Marshall Rose (1969)
* Ralph H. Turner (1969)
* Reinhard Bendix (1970)
* William H. Sewell (1971)
* William J. Goode (1972)
* Mirra Komarovsky (1973)
* Peter Blau (1974)
* Lewis A. Coser (1975)

1976–2000|

* Alfred McClung Lee (1976)
* John Milton Yinger (1977)
* Amos Hawley (1978)
* Hubert M. Blalock Jr. (1979)
* Peter H. Rossi (1980)
* William Foote Whyte (1981)
* Erving Goffman (1982)
* Alice S. Rossi (1983)
* James F. Short Jr. (1984)
* Kai T. Erikson (1985)
* Matilda White Riley (1986)
* Melvin L. Kohn (1987)
* Herbert J. Gans (1988)
* Joan Huber (1989)
* William Julius Wilson (1990)
* Stanley Lieberson (1991)
* James Samuel Coleman (1992)
* Seymour Martin Lipset (1993)
* William A. Gamson (1994)
* Amitai Etzioni (1995)
* Maureen T. Hallinan (1996)
* Neil Smelser (1997)
* Jill Quadagno (1998)
* Alejandro Portes (1999)
* Joe Feagin (2000)

2001–present|

* Douglas Massey (2001)
* Barbara Reskin (2002)
* William T. Bielby (2003)
* Michael Burawoy (2004)
* Troy Duster (2005)
* Cynthia Fuchs Epstein (2006)
* Frances Fox Piven (2007)
* Arne L. Kalleberg (2008)
* Patricia Hill Collins (2009)
* Evelyn Nakano Glenn (2010)
* Randall Collins (2011)
* Erik Olin Wright (2012)
* Cecilia L. Ridgeway (2013)
* Annette Lareau (2014)
* Paula England (2015)
* Ruth Milkman (2016)
* Michèle Lamont (2017)
* Eduardo Bonilla-Silva (2018)
* Mary Romero (2019)
* Christine Williams (2020)
* Aldon Morris (2021)

* v
* t
* e

United States National Medal of Science laureates

Behavioral and social science

| 1960s|

1964
Neal Elgar Miller

|

1980s|

1986
Herbert A. Simon
1987
Anne Anastasi
George J. Stigler
1988
Milton Friedman

1990s|

1990
Leonid Hurwicz
Patrick Suppes
1991
George A. Miller
1992
Eleanor J. Gibson
1994
Robert K. Merton
1995
Roger N. Shepard
1996
Paul Samuelson
1997
William K. Estes
1998
William Julius Wilson
1999
Robert M. Solow

2000s|

2000
Gary Becker
2003
R. Duncan Luce
2004
Kenneth Arrow
2005
Gordon H. Bower
2008
Michael I. Posner
2009
Mortimer Mishkin

2010s|

2011
Anne Treisman
2014
Robert Axelrod
2015
Albert Bandura

Biological sciences

| 1960s|

1963
C. B. van Niel
1964
Theodosius Dobzhansky
Marshall W. Nirenberg
1965
Francis P. Rous
George G. Simpson
Donald D. Van Slyke
1966
Edward F. Knipling
Fritz Albert Lipmann
William C. Rose
Sewall Wright
1967
Kenneth S. Cole
Harry F. Harlow
Michael Heidelberger
Alfred H. Sturtevant
1968
Horace Barker
Bernard B. Brodie
Detlev W. Bronk
Jay Lush
Burrhus Frederic Skinner
1969
Robert Huebner
Ernst Mayr

|

1970s|

1970
Barbara McClintock
Albert B. Sabin
1973
Daniel I. Arnon
Earl W. Sutherland Jr.
1974
Britton Chance
Erwin Chargaff
James V. Neel
James Augustine Shannon
1975
Hallowell Davis
Paul Gyorgy
Sterling B. Hendricks
Orville Alvin Vogel
1976
Roger Guillemin
Keith Roberts Porter
Efraim Racker
E. O. Wilson
1979
Robert H. Burris
Elizabeth C. Crosby
Arthur Kornberg
Severo Ochoa
Earl Reece Stadtman
George Ledyard Stebbins
Paul Alfred Weiss

1980s|

1981
Philip Handler
1982
Seymour Benzer
Glenn W. Burton
Mildred Cohn
1983
Howard L. Bachrach
Paul Berg
Wendell L. Roelofs
Berta Scharrer
1986
Stanley Cohen
Donald A. Henderson
Vernon B. Mountcastle
George Emil Palade
Joan A. Steitz
1987
Michael E. DeBakey
Theodor O. Diener
Harry Eagle
Har Gobind Khorana
Rita Levi-Montalcini
1988
Michael S. Brown
Stanley Norman Cohen
Joseph L. Goldstein
Maurice R. Hilleman
Eric R. Kandel
Rosalyn Sussman Yalow
1989
Katherine Esau
Viktor Hamburger
Philip Leder
Joshua Lederberg
Roger W. Sperry
Harland G. Wood

1990s|

1990
Baruj Benacerraf
Herbert W. Boyer
Daniel E. Koshland Jr.
Edward B. Lewis
David G. Nathan
E. Donnall Thomas
1991
Mary Ellen Avery
G. Evelyn Hutchinson
Elvin A. Kabat
Robert W. Kates
Salvador Luria
Paul A. Marks
Folke K. Skoog
Paul C. Zamecnik
1992
Maxine Singer
Howard Martin Temin
1993
Daniel Nathans
Salome G. Waelsch
1994
Thomas Eisner
Elizabeth F. Neufeld
1995
Alexander Rich
1996
Ruth Patrick
1997
James Watson
Robert A. Weinberg
1998
Bruce Ames
Janet Rowley
1999
David Baltimore
Jared Diamond
Lynn Margulis

2000s|

2000
Nancy C. Andreasen
Peter H. Raven
Carl Woese
2001
Francisco J. Ayala
George F. Bass
Mario R. Capecchi
Ann Graybiel
Gene E. Likens
Victor A. McKusick
Harold Varmus
2002
James E. Darnell
Evelyn M. Witkin
2003
J. Michael Bishop
Solomon H. Snyder
Charles Yanofsky
2004
Norman E. Borlaug
Phillip A. Sharp
Thomas E. Starzl
2005
Anthony Fauci
Torsten N. Wiesel
2006
Rita R. Colwell
Nina Fedoroff
Lubert Stryer
2007
Robert J. Lefkowitz
Bert W. O'Malley
2008
Francis S. Collins
Elaine Fuchs
J. Craig Venter
2009
Susan L. Lindquist
Stanley B. Prusiner

2010s|

2010
Ralph L. Brinster
Rudolf Jaenisch
2011
Lucy Shapiro
Leroy Hood
Sallie Chisholm
2012
May Berenbaum
Bruce Alberts
2013
Rakesh K. Jain
2014
Stanley Falkow
Mary-Claire King
Simon Levin

Chemistry

| 1960s|

1964
Roger Adams

|

1980s|

1982
F. Albert Cotton
Gilbert Stork
1983
Roald Hoffmann
George C. Pimentel
Richard N. Zare
1986
Harry B. Gray
Yuan Tseh Lee
Carl S. Marvel
Frank H. Westheimer
1987
William S. Johnson
Walter H. Stockmayer
Max Tishler
1988
William O. Baker
Konrad E. Bloch
Elias J. Corey
1989
Richard B. Bernstein
Melvin Calvin
Rudolph A. Marcus
Harden M. McConnell

1990s|

1990
Elkan Blout
Karl Folkers
John D. Roberts
1991
Ronald Breslow
Gertrude B. Elion
Dudley R. Herschbach
Glenn T. Seaborg
1992
Howard E. Simmons Jr.
1993
Donald J. Cram
Norman Hackerman
1994
George S. Hammond
1995
Thomas Cech
Isabella L. Karle
1996
Norman Davidson
1997
Darleane C. Hoffman
Harold S. Johnston
1998
John W. Cahn
George M. Whitesides
1999
Stuart A. Rice
John Ross
Susan Solomon

2000s|

2000
John D. Baldeschwieler
Ralph F. Hirschmann
2001
Ernest R. Davidson
Gábor A. Somorjai
2002
John I. Brauman
2004
Stephen J. Lippard
2005
Tobin J. Marks
2006
Marvin H. Caruthers
Peter B. Dervan
2007
Mostafa A. El-Sayed
2008
Joanna Fowler
JoAnne Stubbe
2009
Stephen J. Benkovic
Marye Anne Fox

2010s|

2010
Jacqueline K. Barton
Peter J. Stang
2011
Allen J. Bard
M. Frederick Hawthorne
2012
Judith P. Klinman
Jerrold Meinwald
2013
Geraldine L. Richmond
2014
A. Paul Alivisatos

Engineering sciences

| 1960s|

1962
Theodore von Kármán
1963
Vannevar Bush
John Robinson Pierce
1964
Charles S. Draper
Othmar H. Ammann
1965
Hugh L. Dryden
Clarence L. Johnson
Warren K. Lewis
1966
Claude E. Shannon
1967
Edwin H. Land
Igor I. Sikorsky
1968
J. Presper Eckert
Nathan M. Newmark
1969
Jack St. Clair Kilby

|

1970s|

1970
George E. Mueller
1973
Harold E. Edgerton
Richard T. Whitcomb
1974
Rudolf Kompfner
Ralph Brazelton Peck
Abel Wolman
1975
Manson Benedict
William Hayward Pickering
Frederick E. Terman
Wernher von Braun
1976
Morris Cohen
Peter C. Goldmark
Erwin Wilhelm Müller
1979
Emmett N. Leith
Raymond D. Mindlin
Robert N. Noyce
Earl R. Parker
Simon Ramo

1980s|

1982
Edward H. Heinemann
Donald L. Katz
1983
Bill Hewlett
George Low
John G. Trump
1986
Hans Wolfgang Liepmann
Tung-Yen Lin
Bernard M. Oliver
1987
Robert Byron Bird
H. Bolton Seed
Ernst Weber
1988
Daniel C. Drucker
Willis M. Hawkins
George W. Housner
1989
Harry George Drickamer
Herbert E. Grier

1990s|

1990
Mildred Dresselhaus
Nick Holonyak Jr.
1991
George H. Heilmeier
Luna B. Leopold
H. Guyford Stever
1992
Calvin F. Quate
John Roy Whinnery
1993
Alfred Y. Cho
1994
Ray W. Clough
1995
Hermann A. Haus
1996
James L. Flanagan
C. Kumar N. Patel
1998
Eli Ruckenstein
1999
Kenneth N. Stevens

2000s|

2000
Yuan-Cheng B. Fung
2001
Andreas Acrivos
2002
Leo Beranek
2003
John M. Prausnitz
2004
Edwin N. Lightfoot
2005
Jan D. Achenbach
2006
Robert S. Langer
2007
David J. Wineland
2008
Rudolf E. Kálmán
2009
Amnon Yariv

2010s|

2010
Shu Chien
2011
John B. Goodenough
2012
Thomas Kailath

Mathematical, statistical, and computer sciences

| 1960s|

1963
Norbert Wiener
1964
Solomon Lefschetz
H. Marston Morse
1965
Oscar Zariski
1966
John Milnor
1967
Paul Cohen
1968
Jerzy Neyman
1969
William Feller

|

1970s|

1970
Richard Brauer
1973
John Tukey
1974
Kurt Gödel
1975
John W. Backus
Shiing-Shen Chern
George Dantzig
1976
Kurt Otto Friedrichs
Hassler Whitney
1979
Joseph L. Doob
Donald E. Knuth

1980s|

1982
Marshall H. Stone
1983
Herman Goldstine
Isadore Singer
1986
Peter Lax
Antoni Zygmund
1987
Raoul Bott
Michael Freedman
1988
Ralph E. Gomory
Joseph B. Keller
1989
Samuel Karlin
Saunders Mac Lane
Donald C. Spencer

1990s|

1990
George F. Carrier
Stephen Cole Kleene
John McCarthy
1991
Alberto Calderón
1992
Allen Newell
1993
Martin David Kruskal
1994
John Cocke
1995
Louis Nirenberg
1996
Richard Karp
Stephen Smale
1997
Shing-Tung Yau
1998
Cathleen Synge Morawetz
1999
Felix Browder
Ronald R. Coifman

2000s|

2000
John Griggs Thompson
Karen Uhlenbeck
2001
Calyampudi R. Rao
Elias M. Stein
2002
James G. Glimm
2003
Carl R. de Boor
2004
Dennis P. Sullivan
2005
Bradley Efron
2006
Hyman Bass
2007
Leonard Kleinrock
Andrew J. Viterbi
2009
David B. Mumford

2010s|

2010
Richard A. Tapia
S. R. Srinivasa Varadhan
2011
Solomon W. Golomb
Barry Mazur
2012
Alexandre Chorin
David Blackwell
2013
Michael Artin

Physical sciences

| 1960s|

1963
Luis W. Alvarez
1964
Julian Schwinger
Harold Urey
Robert Burns Woodward
1965
John Bardeen
Peter Debye
Leon M. Lederman
William Rubey
1966
Jacob Bjerknes
Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar
Henry Eyring
John H. Van Vleck
Vladimir K. Zworykin
1967
Jesse Beams
Francis Birch
Gregory Breit
Louis Hammett
George Kistiakowsky
1968
Paul Bartlett
Herbert Friedman
Lars Onsager
Eugene Wigner
1969
Herbert C. Brown
Wolfgang Panofsky

|

1970s|

1970
Robert H. Dicke
Allan R. Sandage
John C. Slater
John A. Wheeler
Saul Winstein
1973
Carl Djerassi
Maurice Ewing
Arie Jan Haagen-Smit
Vladimir Haensel
Frederick Seitz
Robert Rathbun Wilson
1974
Nicolaas Bloembergen
Paul Flory
William Alfred Fowler
Linus Carl Pauling
Kenneth Sanborn Pitzer
1975
Hans A. Bethe
Joseph O. Hirschfelder
Lewis Sarett
Edgar Bright Wilson
Chien-Shiung Wu
1976
Samuel Goudsmit
Herbert S. Gutowsky
Frederick Rossini
Verner Suomi
Henry Taube
George Uhlenbeck
1979
Richard P. Feynman
Herman Mark
Edward M. Purcell
John Sinfelt
Lyman Spitzer
Victor F. Weisskopf

1980s|

1982
Philip W. Anderson
Yoichiro Nambu
Edward Teller
Charles H. Townes
1983
E. Margaret Burbidge
Maurice Goldhaber
Helmut Landsberg
Walter Munk
Frederick Reines
Bruno B. Rossi
J. Robert Schrieffer
1986
Solomon J. Buchsbaum
H. Richard Crane
Herman Feshbach
Robert Hofstadter
Chen-Ning Yang
1987
Philip Abelson
Walter Elsasser
Paul C. Lauterbur
George Pake
James A. Van Allen
1988
D. Allan Bromley
Paul Ching-Wu Chu
Walter Kohn
Norman Foster Ramsey Jr.
Jack Steinberger
1989
Arnold O. Beckman
Eugene Parker
Robert Sharp
Henry Stommel

1990s|

1990
Allan M. Cormack
Edwin M. McMillan
Robert Pound
Roger Revelle
1991
Arthur L. Schawlow
Ed Stone
Steven Weinberg
1992
Eugene M. Shoemaker
1993
Val Fitch
Vera Rubin
1994
Albert Overhauser
Frank Press
1995
Hans Dehmelt
Peter Goldreich
1996
Wallace S. Broecker
1997
Marshall Rosenbluth
Martin Schwarzschild
George Wetherill
1998
Don L. Anderson
John N. Bahcall
1999
James Cronin
Leo Kadanoff

2000s|

2000
Willis E. Lamb
Jeremiah P. Ostriker
Gilbert F. White
2001
Marvin L. Cohen
Raymond Davis Jr.
Charles Keeling
2002
Richard Garwin
W. Jason Morgan
Edward Witten
2003
G. Brent Dalrymple
Riccardo Giacconi
2004
Robert N. Clayton
2005
Ralph A. Alpher
Lonnie Thompson
2006
Daniel Kleppner
2007
Fay Ajzenberg-Selove
Charles P. Slichter
2008
Berni Alder
James E. Gunn
2009
Yakir Aharonov
Esther M. Conwell
Warren M. Washington

2010s|

2011
Sidney Drell
Sandra Faber
Sylvester James Gates
2012
Burton Richter
Sean C. Solomon
2014
Shirley Ann Jackson

Authority control

General|

* ISNI
* 1
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* 1
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National libraries|

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Scientific databases|

* CiNii (Japan)
* 2

Other|

* Faceted Application of Subject Terminology
* RERO (Switzerland)
* 1
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* SUDOC (France)
* 1
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* 1

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