2016 military operation of the Syrian Civil War For the previous offensives, see Palmyra offensive (May 2015), Palmyra offensive (July–August 2015), and Palmyra offensive (March 2016). For the later offensive, see Palmyra offensive (2017). Palmyra offensive (December 2016) Part of the Syrian Civil War Military intervention against ISIL Russian military intervention in Syria Map showing the territory captured by ISIL since 8 December 2016. | Date| 8–22 December 2016 (2 weeks)[4] | Location| Tadmur District, Eastern Homs Governorate, Syria Result| Partial ISIL victory * ISIL captures Palmyra on 11 December,[5] as well as nearby oil fields and mountains * ISIL attack on the Tiyas Military Airbase fails,[4] sporadic clashes continue around the airbase[6][7] * Army starts a counter-offensive[8][9][10][11][12][13] Belligerents Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant| Syria Russia Iran[1] Allied militias: Liwa Fatemiyoun[1] Liwa Zainebiyoun[1][2] Kata'ib al-Imam Ali[1] Hezbollah[3] * * * CJTF–OIR Commanders and leaders "al-Mukahal" Amr As'ad †[14] (Leading ISIL commander for Palmyra operations) Abu Jandal al-Kuwaiti[15] (ISIL senior commander, redeployed to Raqqa front after 11 December) Abu Hafs al-Mashrifi[16] (ISIL Security Chief in Homs) Umar As'ad †[17][18] (ISIL top commander)| Col. Ali Shaheen[19] (leading operations commander 10–11 December) Maj. Gen. Suheil al-Hassan[20] (leading operations commander since 14 December) Maj. Gen. Shawkat[19] (Desert Commandos commander) Brig. Gen. Hussein Khader †[21][22] Malek Shafiq Omar †[23] (Qalamoun Shield commander) Maj. Sanal Sanchirov †[24] (Air Assault battalion commander) Brig. Gen. Hassan Akbari †[1][25] (IRGC Ground Forces commander) Units involved Military of ISIL| Syrian Armed Forces * Syrian Army * 10th Mechanised Division[26] * 11th Armoured Division[27] * 18th Armoured Division[27] * Republican Guard * 800th Regiment[28] * Tiger Forces * Shahin Group[27] * Qalamoun Shield Forces[29] * National Defence Forces * Palmyrene NDF garrison[27] * Golan Regiment[30] * Military Intelligence Directorate * Military Security Shield Forces[31] * Desert Commandos Regiment[19] * Air Force Intelligence Directorate[19] * Fawj Nusur Homs[26] * Syrian Air Force Russian Armed Forces * Russian Air Force[30] * Special operations forces advisors[32] * Russian Airborne Troops * 56th Guards Air Assault Brigade advisors[24] Iranian Armed Forces * IRGC * IRGC Ground Forces * Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib Corps of Qom Province[1] Liwa Fatemiyoun * Hazrat-e Abolfazl Brigade[1] Hezbollah * Radwan Forces[33] * Syrian Hezbollah units * al-Ridha Forces[33] * al-Ghalibun[26] * Imam Mahdi Brigade[26] Strength 4,000–5,000 militants[27]| 3,000+ fighters[19] (by the beginning of the offensive) * c. 1,800–2,500 Military Shield and Al-Badiyah fighters[19] * c. 1,200 Liwa Fatemiyoun fighters[19] * 150–250 Tiger Forces soldiers[19] Unknown number of reinforcements * 100+ Hezbollah fighters[3] (since 14 December) Casualties and losses 149 killed (per The Inside Source)[34] 630 killed (pro-government claims)[35][36][37][38]| 100 killed, 200 wounded and 30 missing (per the Army)[36] 182 killed (per SOHR)[39][40] 352 killed, 22 captured (pro-ISIL claim)[41] * v * t * e Syrian civil war Timeline * * January–April 2011 * May–August 2011 * September–December 2011 * January–April 2012 * May–August 2012 * September–December 2012 * January–April 2013 * May–December 2013 * January–July 2014 * August–December 2014 * January–July 2015 * August–December 2015 * January–April 2016 * May–August 2016 * September–December 2016 * January–April 2017 * May–August 2017 * September–December 2017 * January–April 2018 * May–August 2018 * September–December 2018 * January–April 2019 * May–August 2019 * September–December 2019 * 2020 * 2021 * 2022 * * * * Casualties * Cities * map * Terrorism * Massacres * v * t * e Civil uprising in Syria (March–August 2011) * Daraa * Baniyas * Homs (May–August 2011) * Talkalakh * Rastan and Talbiseh * 1st Jisr ash-Shugur * 1st Jabal al-Zawiya * Hama * Latakia * v * t * e Start of insurgency (Sept. 2011 – April 2012) * Homs (2011–14) * Homs offensive * 1st Idlib Gov. * Syrian–Turkish border * Jabal al-Zawiya * 1st Idlib City * Saraqeb * 1st Rastan * Hama Gov. * Shayrat & Tiyas ambush * Daraa Gov. * 1st Rif Dimashq * 1st Zabadani * Douma * Deir ez-Zor (2011–2014) * Hatla * Aleppo Gov. * Azaz * 2nd Rastan * 1st al-Qusayr * 2nd Idlib Gov. * Taftanaz * v * t * e UN ceasefire; Rebel advances (May 2012 – Dec. 2013) * 3rd Rastan * Houla * Northern Homs * Al-Haffah * Al-Qubeir * Al-Tremseh * 3rd Idlib Gov. * 1st Damascus * Bombing * Aleppo * Anadan * Menagh Air Base * Base 46 * Khan al-Assal * 1st Aleppo offensive * 2nd Aleppo offensive * Syrian Kurdistan * Hasaka campaign * Ras al-Ayn * al-Yaarubiyah * Tell Abyad * Kurdish–Islamist conflict * Nubl & Al-Zahraa * 2nd Rif Dimashq (1st Darayya) * Abu al-Duhur Airbase * Quneitra Gov. * 3rd Rif Dimashq * 1st Yarmouk camp * 2nd Darayya * Darayya & Muadamiyat * Aqrab * 1st Hama offensive * Halfaya * 1st Safira * Shadadeh * 2nd Damascus * 1st Raqqa campaign (1st Raqqa) * 1st Daraa offensive * 4th Rif Dimashq * Jdaidet al-Fadl * Tadamon * Ghouta * Al-Qusayr offensive * 2nd al-Qusayr * Eastern Ghouta * 2nd Hama offensive * Bayda and Baniyas * 1st Latakia offensive * Ma'loula * Sadad * 5th Rif Dimashq * 1st Qalamoun * Adra * v * t * e Rise of the Islamic State (Jan. – Sept. 2014) * Inter-rebel conflict * Northern Aleppo * Markada * 1st Deir ez-Zor offensive * al-Otaiba ambush * Maan * Hosn * Morek * 2nd Daraa offensive * 2nd Latakia offensive * 4th Idlib Gov. * Al-Malihah * 2nd Wadi Deif * 2nd Qalamoun * Arsal * Deir ez-Zor (2014–2017) * 1st Shaer gas field * 1st Eastern Syria * Tabqa Airbase * 3rd Hama offensive * 6th Rif Dimashq * 1st Quneitra * Kobanî * v * t * e U.S.-led intervention, Rebel & ISIL advances (Sept. 2014 – Sept. 2015) * U.S.-led intervention * Homs school bombing * 3rd Daraa offensive * 2nd Safira * 2014 Idlib city raid * Nusra–FSA conflict * 2nd Shaer gas field * 1st Al-Shaykh Maskin * 2nd Deir ez-Zor offensive * 3rd Aleppo offensive * An-26 crash * 4th Daraa offensive * Southern Syria * Eastern al-Hasakah offensive * 1st Sarrin * Hama/Homs offensive * Bosra * 5th Idlib Gov * 2nd Idlib city * Al-Fu'ah-Kafriya * Nasib * 2nd Yarmouk camp * 1st Northwestern Syria * 3rd Qalamoun * 1st Palmyra * Western al-Hasakah offensive * 1st Al-Hasakah city * Tell Abyad * Daraa/As-Suwayda * 2nd Quneitra * 2nd Sarrin * 5th Daraa * 2nd Al-Hasakah city * 2nd Kobanî * 4th Aleppo offensive * 2nd Zabadani * 2nd Palmyra * Al-Ghab * 1st al-Qaryatayn * Douma market * 7th Rif Dimashq * Kuweires offensive * v * t * e Russian intervention (Sept. 2015 – March 2016) * Russian intervention * 3rd Quneitra * 2nd Northwestern Syria * 3rd Latakia offensive * Su-24 shootdown * 5th Aleppo offensive * al-Hawl * Homs offensive * 6th Aleppo offensive * 4th Hama offensive * Tell Tamer * Tishrin Dam * 2nd Al-Shaykh Maskin * al-Qamishli bombings * Orontes River * 3rd Deir ez-Zor offensive * 1st Sayyidah Zaynab * 7th Aleppo offensive * 1st Ithriyah-Raqqa * Al-Shaddadi * Homs bombings * 2nd Sayyidah Zaynab * Khanasir * 2nd Tel Abyad * Al-Tanf * 2nd Al-Qaryatayn * 3rd Palmyra * 2nd Maarat al-Nu'man * v * t * e Aleppo escalation and Euphrates Shield (March 2016 – February 2017) * 8th Aleppo offensive * 6th Daraa * 9th–11th Aleppo offensives * Al-Dumayr * 1st East Ghouta inter-rebel conflict * 1st Qamishli * Aleppo bombings * 8th Rif Dimashq * 3rd Shaer gas field * Northern Raqqa * Jableh & Tartus * Manbij * Tokhar * 2nd Ithriyah-Raqqa * 9th Rif Dimashq * 12th–14th Aleppo offensives * 12th * 13th * 14th * 4th Latakia offensive * 1st Abu Kamal * 3rd Qamishli * Atmeh * al-Rai * 3rd Al-Hasakah City * Operation Euphrates Shield * Northern al-Bab * Dabiq * al-Bab * 5th Hama offensive * 1st Western al-Bab * 1st Eastern Qalamoun * September bombings * 4th Quneitra * Deir ez-Zor airstrike * Aleppo aid convoy attack * 15th Aleppo offensive * Khan al-Shih * 1st Idlib inter-rebel conflict * 2nd Western al-Bab * 16th Aleppo offensive * 2nd Raqqa campaign * 17th Aleppo offensive * 4th Palmyra * Wadi Barada * 1st Syrian Desert * Azaz bombings * 5th Palmyra * 4th Deir ez-Zor offensive * 18th Aleppo offensive * 2nd Idlib inter-rebel conflict * 7th Daraa * Qaboun * 8th Daraa * v * t * e Collapse of Islamic State in Syria (Feb. – Nov. 2017) * Eastern Homs offensive * al-Jina mosque * 6th Hama offensive * Tabqa * Khan Shaykhun * US Shayrat strike * Aleppo bus bombing * April 2017 Turkish airstrikes * 2nd East Ghouta inter-rebel conflict * 2nd Syrian Desert * Maskanah * East Hama * 2nd Raqqa * 9th Daraa * Southern Raqqa * Iranian Deir ez-Zor strike * Ja'din * Jobar * 5th Quneitra * Central Syria * 3rd Idlib inter-rebel conflict * 4th Qalamoun * Deir ez-Zor (2017–2019) * 2nd Eastern Syria * Deir ez-Zor city * Euphrates Crossing * Mayadin * 2nd Abu Kamal * 7th Hama offensive * v * t * e Rebels in retreat and Operation Olive Branch (Nov. 2017 – Sep. 2018) * 3rd Northwestern Syria * Atarib * Harasta * Beit Jinn * 3rd Syrian Desert * 5th Deir ez-Zor offensive * 1st Southern Damascus * Olive Branch * Afrin * SDF insurgency * Khasham * Feb. 2018 Israel–Syria incident * 10th Rif Dimashq (Douma) * 4th Idlib inter-rebel conflict * 2nd Southern Damascus * U.S.-led missile strikes * Northern Homs * 2nd Eastern Qalamoun * 3rd Southern Damascus * Deir ez-Zor SAA-SDF clashes * House of Cards * 1st As-Suwayda * 2nd Southern Syria * 2nd As-Suwayda * 3rd As-Suwayda * 2nd Qamishli * v * t * e Idlib demilitarization (Sep. 2018 – April 2019) * Idlib demilitarization * 5th Idlib inter-rebel conflict * Sep. 2018 missile strikes * Iranian Eastern Euphrates strike * Northern border clashes * Daraa insurgency * Manbij bombing * Baghuz Fawqani * U.S. airstrike * v * t * e First Idlib offensive, Operation Peace Spring, & Second Idlib offensive (April 2019 – March 2020) * 4th Northwestern Syria * Tell Rifaat * Raqqa & Azaz bombings * Hass bombing * Operation Peace Spring (2nd Ras al-Ayn) * Operation Kayla Mueller * Northern Syria bombings * Qah * 5th Northwestern Syria * Balyun * Operation Spring Shield * 2nd U.S.-led missile strikes * 1st Daraa clashes * v * t * e Idlib ceasefire (March 2020 – present) * 6th Idlib inter-rebel conflict * Ayn Issa * Qamishli & Al-Hasakah siege * 3rd Qamishli * 2nd Daraa clashes * 7th Idlib inter-rebel conflict * 3rd Al-Hasakah city * Abu Khashab massacre * Ahrar al-Sham–Levant Front clashes * Jabal al-Bishrī * v * t * e Syrian War spillover and international incidents * Lebanon spillover * Lebanese–Syrian border * Sidon * Iranian embassy bombing * North Lebanon clashes * * * * Syrian–Turkish border incidents * Turkish F4 shootdown * Reyhanlı bombings * Turkish occupation of northern Syria * Kurdish riots * * * * Jordanian–Syrian border incidents * * * * Israeli–Syrian ceasefire line * February 2018 incident * May 2018 incident * * * * Iraqi–Syrian border incidents * Akashat * al-Shabah * Western Nineveh * Western Iraq * * * * Spillover in Iran * 2017 Tehran attacks * 2017 Deir ez-Zor missile strike * * * * Spillover in Turkey * Russian Su-24 shootdown * Andrei Karlov * Balyun airstrikes * Kafr Takharim airstrikes * * * * Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict * * * * * * * Spillover in Europe * v * t * e Foreign involvement in the Syrian civil war Foreign intervention in behalf of Syrian Arab Republic * Russian involvement * 2015 military intervention * Iranian involvement * 2017 missile strike * Iran–Israel conflict * 2012 Hezbollah involvement Foreign intervention in behalf of Syrian Rebels * Foreign rebel fighters * Turkish involvement * Turkey–ISIL conflict * Tomb of Suleyman Shah relocation * Euphrates Shield * 2017 airstrikes * Idlib Governorate operation * Afrin operation * 2019 Turkish offensive into north-eastern Syria * Israel's role U.S.-led intervention against ISIL * U.S.-led Intervention * Timeline * List of attacks * 2014 rescue operation * May 2015 raid * 2017 missile strikes * Qatari involvement * Jordanian intervention * Operation Martyr Muath * Lebanon's role * Saudi involvement * 2018 bombing * Dutch involvement * German intervention * French intervention * Australian intervention * UK intervention The Palmyra offensive in December 2016 was a military operation launched by the military of ISIL which led to the re-capture of the ancient city of Palmyra, and an unsuccessful ISIL attack on the Tiyas T-4 Airbase to the west of the city.[5][35] ISIL previously controlled the city from May 2015 until March 2016. The unexpected blitz offensive occurred concurrently with three major anti-ISIL offensives: the Turkish Western al-Bab offensive and Battle of al-Bab north of Aleppo, the Kurdish-Arab Raqqa campaign, and the Iraqi Battle of Mosul in Iraq, which saw all three gaining ground from the Islamic State. In January 2017, the Syrian Army and allied forces launched another offensive to recapture Palmyra and its surrounding areas. ## Contents * 1 Background * 2 Offensive * 2.1 ISIL capture of Palmyra * 2.2 Attack on Tiyas Airbase * 3 Aftermath – sporadic clashes and SAA counteroffensive * 4 Diplomatic reactions * 5 See also * 6 References * 7 External links ## Background[edit] ISIL captured the ancient city of Palmyra in May 2015 after the Syrian Arab Army (SAA) withdrew from the town.[42] The Syrian Army recaptured the city in March 2016.[43] The group however still held territory in the eastern Homs Governorate and had started carrying out insurgent attacks on the Syrian Army after losing the city.[44] The city is historically and internationally important and the offensive comes at the same time that ISIL is being targeted militarily at its headquarters of Mosul and Raqqa.[45] Palmyra is also strategically important as it is close to oil fields. The offensive was launched at a moment when the Syrian and Russian militaries were focused on the Aleppo offensive.[46] The Tiyas Military Airbase is near to the city. It is an important security installation for the Syrian Army as it provides them with close air support. It would also be difficult to recapture Palmyra without it.[47][48] ## Offensive[edit] ### ISIL capture of Palmyra[edit] Liwa Fatemiyoun militiamen gather outside of Palmyra on 10 December in an attempt to counter the ISIL offensive. ISIL launched the offensive in the northeastern countryside of Homs on 8 December 2016, targeting the SAA's defenses near the village of Huwaysis and the Jazal Mountains located north of Palmyra. The group began the attack by sending two waves of fighters to storm its defenses near Huwaysis, resulting in heavy clashes. It was however unable to penetrate the first line of defense and was forced to withdraw. Local media reported that 60 militants were killed, while eight of their armored vehicles were destroyed.[35] The group launched another assault later in the day, with simultaneous attacks near the Jazal, Mahr and Shaer oil and gas fields as well as the areas of Huwaysis, Arak, Palmyra Silos, al-Hayyal Mount, al-Sekkary, the ancient al-Hallabat Palace and an abandoned base near the T4 airbase. It was able to capture seven checkpoints from the Army, which withdrew after heavy clashes. In addition, it also captured the al-Hallabat Palace, al-Hayyal Mount, South Sawamea and Huwaysis. At least 34 pro-government fighters were killed and four, including an officer, were captured. With these advances, the group came within 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) of Palmyra.[49][50][51][52][53] The group also captured grain silos northeast of Palmyra[54] as well as the Jazal village and its oil fields.[55] Meanwhile, Combined Joint Task Force – Operation Inherent Resolve launched a massive air-raid on an Islamic State fleet of 168 oil tanker trucks, destroying them.[56] The SAA counter-attacked on 9 December, to recapture the positions it lost the previous day, in addition to bringing in reinforcements and launching airstrikes. 15 soldiers were killed in an ISIL ambush near the Mahr oil field.[57] The Islamic State captured the al-Berej hills, Jihar oil fields, Mahr oil fields as well as a checkpoint near it during the clashes.[36][58] On 10 December, Army reinforcements arrived in Palmyra.[59] At least 45 militants were killed by the Army, with three Islamic State tanks destroyed near Palmyra Silos. An earlier assault by the group on the silos had failed, but it was able to capture them later on, thus reaching the entrance to Palmyra. The Russian and Syrian Air Forces targeted ISIL positions in oil fields around Palmyra, destroying several armoured vehicles and a number of technical vehicles.[36][60] A Syrian Air Force MiG-23 crashed in the Jazal area. ISIL claimed to had shot it down,[61] while the Syrian Observatory for Human Rights (SOHR) reported it was not known whether it crashed due to technical fault or was shot down. Clashes also started taking place around Wadi al-Ahmar where the Army brought reinforcements.[62] The group later captured the Tar Mountain to the west of the city, in addition to the northern suburb of Amiriyeh, and entered Palmyra.[63] By the end of the day, they had captured most of the city, including Palmyra Castle,[64] and were on the verge of taking full control of Palmyra.[65] Palmyra's residents were evacuated in the evening by the Army.[citation needed] Early on 11 December, after the arrival of reinforcements, the Syrian Army, backed by Syrian and Russian air units,[32] launched a successful counterattack to drive out ISIL forces from the city.[37] The militants withdrew to the orchards on the fringes of Palmyra. According to the Russian Ministry of Defense, ISIL suffered over 300 dead.[66] However, later in the day, ISIL launched a new assault on Palmyra after regrouping,[67] entering the city once again and capturing Amiriyeh, its hilltop and the Officers Housing complex.[68] Eventually, ISIL took full control of the city as the Army withdrew south of Palmyra.[5] ### Attack on Tiyas Airbase[edit] Liwa Fatemiyoun troops near Palmyra during the offensive ISIL started advancing westwards from Palmyra to the Tiyas Military Airbase (also called al-Taifor and T4 airbase) after the city's capture on 11 December. The group captured two villages to the west of city during the day. It also captured an abandoned base to the west of the airbase.[64][69] Early on 12 December, ISIL launched an attack against the strategically important Jihar Crossroad near the airbase, and captured it after heavy clashes.[70] It later captured security checkpoints in the nearby districts of Mashtal and Qasr al-Hir,[47] allowing it to launch an attack against the airbase spearheaded by two car bombs, resulting in an hours-long battle with the entrenched SAA defenders. Aided by numerous Russian airstrikes, the government forces eventually repelled the assault, as ISIL forces regrouped for another attempt at breaching the airbase's defenses.[30] Meanwhile, hundreds of pro-government reinforcements arrived at the frontline, which belonged to the National Defence Forces-affiliated Qalamoun Shield[29] and Golan Regiment.[30] Russia carried out airstrikes against ISIL in Palmyra, killing five people.[71] The group attacked the airbase again on 13 December, after advancing around it in an attempt to besiege it. Reinforcements from the Syrian Army and Russian special forces arrived to the base later in the day.[72][73] During the day, ISIL advanced on a checkpoint on the road to Al-Qaryatayn,[74] eventually capturing it and cutting the road. The road was a main supply route for the Syrian Army in Homs Governorate and had been used to supply military reinforcements to the airbase as well as Homs city from Al-Qaryatayn.[75] Meanwhile, an assault by the militants on the Tiyas pumping station during the night was repelled.[76] The clashes renewed on 14 December, with the Army trying to regain areas it previously lost around the airbase.[77][78] The Army recaptured the Tiyas Mountain as well as the abandoned base located in the north of the airbase after launching a counteroffensive during the early morning.[76] It also regained checkpoints on the road to al-Qaryatayn it had lost a day earlier.[79] ISIL meanwhile captured al-Sharifah village to the west of the airbase.[80] Later that day, ISIL launched another attack on the airbase, but thanks to newly arrived government reinforcements, belonging to the paratrooper forces of the Republican Guard's 800th Regiment, the assault was repelled. The following night, a SAA counter-attack drove ISIL from the airbase's outskirts.[28][81] The US-led coalition stated on 16 December that it had carried out airstrikes near the airbase against ISIL on the previous day, destroying the heavy weaponry it seized after recapturing Palmyra. An air defense artillery system, 14 tanks, three artillery systems, two ISIL-held buildings and two tactical vehicles were destroyed in total. The strikes reportedly killed at least 38 militants.[82][83] The Syrian Army launched another counterattack on 16 December, recapturing the Qaryatayn-T4 crossroads area.[84] They later also recaptured the road between al-Sharifah and al-Qaryatyn and reopened the direct route between al-Qaryatayn and the airbase. Umar As'ad, a leader of ISIL, was killed in the clashes.[17][18] The Army recaptured a checkpoint near al-Qaryatayn on 17 December.[85] Another attack by ISIL later in the day was repelled, while the Army captured Al-Sha'arah Hills to the north of the abandoned base.[86] ISIL launched another attack on the airbase on 19 December and shot down a Russian helicopter.[87] The attack failed with 36 ISIL fighters being killed.[88] At least 20 pro-government fighters were killed in it while a helicopter was shot down, leaving its two pilots dead.[89] Clashes took place between the two sides on outskirts of Abu Kala Dam as well as other areas near the airbase on 20 December.[90] ISIL was also repeatedly attacking the abandoned base in order to retake it.[91] On 22 December, ISIL launched another attack in the morning, which failed. The militants launched another assault later on, which was also repelled. The group was then driven back to Palmyra.[4] At the same time, a US airstrike killed the leading ISIL commander for the Palmyra frontline, Amr As'ad.[14] ## Aftermath – sporadic clashes and SAA counteroffensive[edit] See also: Palmyra offensive (2017) Sporadic clashes continued to occur around the airbase,[6] with 13 soldiers killed in an ISIL attack on al-Sharifa on 24 December.[92] ISIL launched another assault on 26 December, storming the Syrian Army's position west of the Badiyah area of Palmyra and then on its positions north of the Sha'rah Hills before being repelled.[93] Clashes broke out again near the airbase and al-Sharifa during the day, with the Syrian Army advancing in the area.[94] On 29 December, the Syrian Army secured the hilltops surrounding Sharifah village. The following day, the military recaptured the village.[95][96][97] Clashes were reported in the area on 31 December, with pro-government forces trying to recapture the village.[98] Clashes re-erupted on 2 January 2017, around al-Sharifah and the airbase in addition to the Fourth Station.[99] On 4 January, it was reported that ISIL was withdrawing from the areas around the Tiyas airbase.[100] Some clashes continued near the airbase after 5 January.[7][101][102] On 12 January 2017, the Syrian Army launched the Eastern Homs offensive to retake Palmyra. ## Diplomatic reactions[edit] On 12 December 2016, Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov commented that the Islamic State's offensive in Palmyra may have been "orchestrated" to distract forces from militants in eastern Aleppo, and ISIL's reinforcements then moved from Mosul to Palmyra via routes which could have been blocked by the US-led coalition's aviation. A spokesman for Russian Defense Ministry Igor Konashenkov stated that the Islamic State made use of pause in the Mosul and Raqqah offensives to shift reinforcements to Palmyra, and that ISIL were sure that these offensives would not be immediately renewed. Konashenkov commented that the government setbacks at Palmyra shows that the Islamic State should not be allowed to regroup.[103][104] French Foreign Minister Jean-Marc Ayrault stated that the proof of Russia's stated aim of targeting militants in Syria being false lay in reports that ISIL had retaken Palmyra, while accusing it of being there to save Assad's government and "making Aleppo fall".[105] ## See also[edit] * Asia portal * War portal * Battle of Aleppo (2012–16) * Siege of Deir ez-Zor (2014–17) ## References[edit] 1. ^ a b c d e f g Amir Toumaj (15 December 2016). "IRGC officers killed in Palmyra". Long War Journal. Retrieved 15 December 2016. 2. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 9 October 2017. Retrieved 7 January 2017.`{{cite web}}`: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) 3. ^ a b "Hezbollah reinforcements pour into Palmyra countryside". Al-Masdar News. 16 December 2016. Retrieved 16 December 2016. 4. ^ a b c "Syrian Army foils major ISIS attack on T4 Military Airport in Homs". ARA News. Archived from the original on 24 December 2016. Retrieved 14 January 2017. 5. ^ a b c The New Arab & agencies (11 December 2016). "Islamic State recaptures Palmyra after Syria army withdrawal". 6. ^ a b The regime forces shell the area around Inkhel and casualties in the regime forces’ ranks in the vicinity of T4 airbase 7. ^ a b Clashes in the vicinity of the T4 airbase and aerial bombardment on several areas in the eastern desert of Homs and aid dropped on Deir Ezzor 5 January 2017 8. ^ قوات النظام تتقدم نحو الحقول النفطية في شرق حمص في اليوم السادس من تقدمها بعد أسابيع من الفشل في استعادة ما خسرته لصالح تنظيم “الدولة الإسلامية” 9. ^ Syrian Army makes massive advances against ISIS in west Palmyra 10. ^ Syrian War Update – Palmyra Front (February 3, 2017): Pro-Government Breakthrough, Jihar Liberated 11. ^ Large Syrian Army attack pays off as ISIS loses several sites in western Palmyra 12. ^ Syrian Army liberates Hayyan Gas Fields in west Palmyra 13. ^ Field Report: Syrian Army overruns ISIS in east Homs [+Map] 14. ^ a b Haytham Mustafa (17 December 2016). "American airstrike kills ISIS commander near Palmyra". 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Retrieved 20 December 2016. 22. ^ "ISIS has killed Brigadier General Hussein Khader at Tiyas Airbase". Retrieved 20 December 2016. 23. ^ Aymenn Jawad Al-Tamimi (17 January 2017). "Quwat Dir' Al-Qalamoun: Shifting Militia Links". Syria Comment. Retrieved 10 September 2017. 24. ^ a b "Major Sanchirov from Kalmykia were killed in Syria during the defense of Palmyra from the militants". Last news from Russia. 20 December 2016. Archived from the original on 3 August 2017. Retrieved 21 December 2016. 25. ^ "IS kills an Iranian commander in Tadmur". SOHR. 15 December 2016. Retrieved 15 December 2016. 26. ^ a b c d Aymenn Jawad Al-Tamimi (24 December 2016). "The Fifth Legion: A New Auxiliary Force". Syria Comment. Retrieved 25 December 2016. 27. ^ a b c d e Tomson, Chris (11 December 2016). "ISIS fully retakes Palmyra in stunning blitz offensive – Map update". al-Masdar News. Retrieved 11 December 2016. 28. ^ a b Fadel, Leith (16 December 2016). "Elite Syrian Army unit parachutes into Palmyra countryside". al-Masdar News. Retrieved 16 December 2016. 29. ^ a b Tomson, Chris (12 December 2016). "Reinforcements arrive near Palmyra as Syrian Army regroups for counter-offensive (Photos)". al-Masdar News. Retrieved 12 December 2016. 30. ^ a b c d Yakovlev, Ivan (12 December 2016). "Syrian Army repels first ISIS assault on T-4 Airbase, prepares for a second wave". Al-Masdar News. Retrieved 12 December 2016. 31. ^ Fadel, Leith (13 December 2016). "Reinforcements pour into Palmyra countryside as Syrian Army attempts to push back ISIS". Al-Masdar News. 32. ^ a b Yakovlev, Ivan (11 December 2016). "Syrian Army counterattacks on Palmyra outskirts in order to secure the city". 33. ^ a b Albin Szakola (16 December 2016). "Hezbollah deploys to Palmyra front: report". NOW. Retrieved 19 December 2016. 34. ^ "The Inside Source on Twitter". 35. ^ a b c Fadel, Leith (8 December 2016). "ISIS suffers heavy casualties in failed offensive north of Palmyra". Al-Masdar News. Retrieved 10 December 2016. 36. ^ a b c d Yakovlev, Ivan (10 December 2016). "Battle of eastern Homs continues as ISIS keeps attacking: map update". Al-Masdar News. Retrieved 10 December 2016. 37. ^ a b "Russian and Syrian forces drive ISIL out of Palmyra". Al Jazeera. 11 December 2016. 38. ^ Fadel, Leith (26 December 2016). "Syrian Army kills scores of ISIS terrorists at strategic airport in west Palmyra". Al-Masdar News. 39. ^ "تنظيم "الدولة الإسلامية" يستعيد ضاحية العامرية بأطراف مدينة تدمر ويكبِّد النظام أكثر من 120 قتيل وعشرات الجرحى". SOHR. 11 December 2016. Retrieved 20 December 2016. 40. ^ "62 soldiers killed by clashes around the T4 military airport". SOHR. 24 December 2016. Retrieved 24 December 2016. 41. ^ Thomas Joscelyn (13 December 2016). "Jihadis celebrate capture of Russian base in Palmyra, Syria". Long War Journal. Retrieved 14 December 2016. 42. ^ Leith Fadel (20 May 2015). "Official: Syrian Armed Forces Withdraw from Ancient City of Palmyra". Al-Masdar News. Retrieved 22 May 2015. 43. ^ "Syrian forces retake historic city of Palmyra from Islamic State". chicagotribune.com. Associated Press. 27 March 2016. Retrieved 27 March 2016. 44. ^ Josie Ensor (9 December 2016). "Islamic State advances to within two miles of Palmyra after surprise attack on Syrian forces". The Telegraph. Retrieved 9 December 2016. 45. ^ Sirwan Kajjo (9 December 2016). "In Surprise Attack, IS Fights to Retake Ancient Palmyra". Voice of America. Retrieved 9 December 2016. 46. ^ "Islamic State fighters 're-enter ancient Palmyra' in Syria". BBC. 10 December 2016. Retrieved 10 December 2016. 47. ^ a b "After retaking Palmyra, ISIS assaults T4 Airbase near Syria's Homs". ARA News. 13 December 2016. Archived from the original on 13 December 2016. Retrieved 13 December 2016. 48. ^ "Syrian reinforcements prevent ISIS from taking Palmyra airbase". Rudaw. 14 December 2016. Retrieved 14 December 2016. 49. ^ "IS kills 26 Syria regime fighters in Homs: monitor". Indian Express. 8 December 2016. Retrieved 10 December 2016. 50. ^ The “Islamic State” advances in new places at Palmyra area in the eastern desert of Homs 51. ^ Violent and large-attack by the “Islamic State” in Palmyra on sites of the regime forces and on ancient Palace causes tens of casualties and injuries 52. ^ Fadel, Leith (8 December 2016). "Second attack proves successful for ISIS as they seize Huwaysis in northeast Homs". Al-Masdar News. Retrieved 10 December 2016. 53. ^ "Islamic State makes advances towards Palmyra: monitor". Reuters. 8 December 2016. Retrieved 10 December 2016. 54. ^ "Islamic State seizes more ground near Syria's Palmyra - monitoring group". Reuters. 9 December 2016. Retrieved 10 December 2016. 55. ^ Fadel, Leith (8 December 2016). "ISIS seizes key oil field northwest of Palmyra". Al-Masdar News. Retrieved 10 December 2016. 56. ^ "Coalition destroys 168 ISIS oil tankers near Palmyra". ARA News. 10 December 2016. Archived from the original on 13 December 2016. 57. ^ "Islamic State jihadists kill 49 Syria regime fighters near Palmyra: monitor". Hindustan Times. 9 December 2016. Retrieved 10 December 2016. 58. ^ IS advances in Homs countryside over regime forces, and continued clashes in the area 59. ^ "Islamic State militants enter Palmyra after heavy fighting: monitor". Reuters. 10 December 2016. Retrieved 10 December 2016. 60. ^ Fadel, Leith (10 December 2016). "ISIS reaches Palmyra's gates as the Syrian Army attempts to hold the city". Al-Masdar News. Retrieved 10 December 2016. 61. ^ "The Latest: IS says it shot down Syrian jet near Palmyra". AP. Retrieved 10 December 2016. 62. ^ The Latest: IS says it shot down Syrian jet near Palmyra 63. ^ "Islamic State re-enters Syria's Palmyra". Xinhua. Archived from the original on 13 December 2016. Retrieved 10 December 2016. 64. ^ a b Russian warplanes target IS in Tadmur and IS takes almost full control on the city 65. ^ Fadel, Leith (10 December 2016). "Ancient city of Palmyra on the verge of capture by ISIS". Al-Masdar News. 66. ^ Williams, Sara Elizabeth (10 December 2016). "Isil retakes historic city of Palmyra". Daily Telegraph. 67. ^ "Syrian official says Palmyra falls again to Islamic State". Reuters. 11 December 2016. 68. ^ Yakovlev, Ivan (11 December 2016). "ISIS terrorists launch another assault on Palmyra capturing several sites". Al-Masdar News. 69. ^ Fadel, Leith (11 December 2016). "ISIS seizes two villages west of Palmyra". Al-Masdar News. 70. ^ Fadel, Leith (12 December 2016). "ISIS seizes important crossroad near Syrian Air Force base". Al-Masdar News. Retrieved 12 December 2016. 71. ^ "Russia, Syria fail to dislodge Daesh from Palmyra". Middle East Monitor. 12 December 2016. Retrieved 12 December 2016. 72. ^ Airstrikes target the eastern countryside of Homs and the “Islamic state” targets T4 airbase again 73. ^ Russian backups for regime forces in Taifur military airport 74. ^ Continued clashes around al_Taifor military airport 75. ^ "ISIS militants cut off regime supply route in Syria's Homs". ARA News. 14 December 2016. Archived from the original on 9 January 2017. Retrieved 18 December 2016. 76. ^ a b Adra, Zen (14 December 2016). "Field report: Syrian Army fights off ISIS near key airbase". Al-Masdar News. Retrieved 18 December 2016. 77. ^ Continued clashes around al_Taifor military airport 78. ^ Continued clashes in Homs countryside and around Taifor military airport 79. ^ "بالفيديو: شاهد لماذا يعزف الجيش السوري داخل مطار التيفور؟" (in Arabic). Al-Hadath News. 14 December 2016. Archived from the original on 9 January 2017. Retrieved 15 December 2016. 80. ^ The “Islamic State” achieves a new advancement in the eastern countryside of Homs and clashes continue near the T4 airbase 81. ^ "Syrian reinforcements prevent ISIS from taking Palmyra airbase". Rudaw. Retrieved 18 December 2016. 82. ^ "Coalition strike destroys IS-captured weapons near Palmyra". New Indian Express. Retrieved 18 December 2016. 83. ^ "Coalition strikes near Palmyra killed 38 militants: monitor". The Daily Star. 18 December 2016. 84. ^ Yakovlev, Ivan (16 December 2016). "Field report: Syrian Army counterattacks in east Homs, recaptures several sites". Al-Masdar News. Retrieved 18 December 2016. 85. ^ Clashes in the Syrian Desert and airstrikes target Palmyra Desert, shelling target the countryside of Quneitra and casualty in the countryside of Daraa 86. ^ Fadel, Leith (18 December 2016). "Syrian Army advances in western Palmyra after foiling massive ISIS offensive". Al-Masdar News. Retrieved 19 December 2016. 87. ^ Adra, Zen (19 December 2016). "Field report: ISIS reportedly shot down Russian helicopter near T4 airbase". Al-Masdar News. Retrieved 19 December 2016. 88. ^ "ISIS Launch Large Scale Assault on the T4 Airbase". The Inside Source. 19 December 2016. Archived from the original on 22 December 2016. Retrieved 21 December 2016. 89. ^ The “Islamic State” shoots down a helicopter and kills its crew and other 20 regime forces’ members in violent attack on T4 airbase 90. ^ Clashes in Palmyra countryside and in the vicinity of T4 airbase, and casualty on Harasta highway 91. ^ "ماذا يحدث الآن في مطار التيفور..؟" (in Arabic). Al-Hadath News. 21 December 2016. Archived from the original on 9 January 2017. Retrieved 21 December 2016. 92. ^ 62 soldiers killed by clashes around the T4 military airport 93. ^ "Syrian Army kills scores of ISIS terrorists at strategic airport in west Palmyra". Al-Masdar News. 26 December 2016. Retrieved 26 December 2016. 94. ^ Clashes breakout on many fronts of Homs countryside 95. ^ "Syrian Army liberates new village in Palmyra". Amn - Al-Masdar News | المصدر نيوز. Al-Masdar News. 30 December 2016. Retrieved 30 December 2016. 96. ^ "SAA captured Sharifah village near T4. Eastern Homs". 97. ^ Continued clashes around the T4 military airport and 4 SDF mourned in Kobane 98. ^ Continued shelling by the regime forces accompany the advancement attempts in Palmyra desert and shelling by the regime forces on the countryside of Daraa 99. ^ Clashes renewed in the Syrian Desert in the countryside of Homs and shelling on the southern countryside of Aleppo 100. ^ "ISIS abandons offensive in west Palmyra, mass retreat towards Raqqa". Al-Masdar News. 4 January 2017. Retrieved 6 January 2017. 101. ^ Attack by the “Islamic State” on sites in the eastern countryside of Homs 8 January 2017 102. ^ Raids by warplanes on the eastern desert of Homs and bombing cause casualties and injuries in the eastern countryside of Aleppo 8 January 2017 103. ^ Arah el Deeb and Zeina Karam (12 December 2016). "Syria rebels retreat in Aleppo in 'terrifying' collapse". The Associated Press. Retrieved 12 December 2016.`{{cite web}}`: CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link) 104. ^ Polina Devitt in Moscow and Aleksandar Vasovic (12 December 2016). "Russia's Lavrov says Syria talks with US at dead end". Reuters. Retrieved 12 December 2016.`{{cite web}}`: CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link) 105. ^ Robin Emmott (12 December 2016). "Russia guilty of 'constant lies' over Aleppo, France says". Reuters. Retrieved 13 December 2016.`{{cite web}}`: CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link) ## External links[edit] * Coalition Airstrike Destroys 168 Da'esh Oil Tanker Trucks in Central Syria * v * t * e Syrian civil war Timeline | Background| * 1963 coup * 1966 coup * Corrective Movement * Islamist uprising * Latakia protests * Damascus Spring * Qamishli riots * Syrian occupation of Lebanon * Damascus Declaration * Human rights in Syria * 2010s in Syria political history | 2011 Jan–Apr May–Aug Sep–Dec| * Syrian Revolution * Death of Hamza Ali Al-Khateeb * Siege of Daraa * Siege of Baniyas * May Talkalakh siege * Siege of Rastan and Talbiseh * June Jisr ash-Shughur operation * Siege of Hama * Siege of Homs * Jabal al-Zawiya operation * Siege of Latakia * Deir ez-Zor clashes (2011–2014) * Rif Dimashq clashes (Nov 2011-Mar 2012) * Battle of Zabadani * Battle of Douma * Daraa Governorate clashes * Battle of Rastan * Shayrat and Tiyas airbase ambush * Idlib Governorate clashes * December Jabal 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Turkish occupation of northern Syria * U.S. task force Agreements and dialogues| * Russian-Turkish agreement on Syria * Relations between Syrian government and Kurdish groups in Syria * Category * v * t * e Islamic State Names of the Islamic State Members (List of leaders)| | Current| * Abu al-Hasan al-Hashimi al-Qurashi * Abu Ahmad al-Alwani * Abu Fatima al-Jaheishi * Abu Yusaf * Abu al-Baraa el-Azdi * Abu Habib al-Libi * Abu Jandal al-Masri * Yusuf al-Hindi * Zulfi Hoxha * Bajro Ikanović * Faysal Ahmad Ali al-Zahrani * Fatiha Mejjati * Ahlam al-Nasr | † Former| * Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi * Abu Ibrahim al-Hashimi al-Qurashi * Haji Bakr * Abu Usamah al-Maghrebi * Abu Abdulrahman al-Bilawi * Abu Muhannad al-Suwaydawi * Abdul Rauf Aliza * Abu Sayyaf * Ali Awni al-Harzi * Tariq al-Harzi * Abu Khattab al-Tunisi * Maher Meshaal * Abu Muslim al-Turkmani * Abu Saleh * Mohammed Emwazi * Abu Nabil al-Anbari * Abu Ali al-Anbari * Abu Waheeb * Ali Aswad al-Jiburi * Abu Omar al-Shishani * Abu Mohammad 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(West Africa) * Central Africa Province (DR Congo and Mozambique) * Sheikh Omar Hadid Brigade (Gaza) Wars| * War on terror * Iraq War * Insurgency (2003–2011) * Iraqi Civil War (2006–2008) * Insurgency (2011–2013) * War in Iraq (2013–2017) * Insurgency (2017–present) * Syrian civil war * Spillover * Spillover in Lebanon * Opposition–Islamic State conflict * Sinai insurgency * Second Libyan Civil War * Insurgency in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa * Mozambique * Islamist insurgency in the Sahel * Mali War * War in Afghanistan (2001–2021) * Conflict with Taliban * Moro conflict (Philippines) * al-Qaeda insurgency in Yemen * Yemeni Civil War (2014–present) * Boko Haram insurgency * Military intervention against ISIL * US-led intervention in Iraq * US-led intervention in Syria * Russian intervention in Syria * Turkish operation * Somalia Battles| | 2013| * Akashat * Hawija * Raqqa * Al-Shabah * Ras al-Ayn * Tell Abyad * Latakia * Menagh * Sidi Ali Ben Aoun * Sadad * Qalamoun * Aleppo * Anbar | 2014| * Fallujah * N Aleppo * Markada * N Iraq (Jun) * Mosul * Salahuddin * Baiji (Jun) * Tikrit * N Iraq (Aug) * Kobanî * Sinjar (Aug) * Derna * Ramadi * Deir ez-Zor * Baiji (14-15) * Sinjar (Dec) * Zumar * Amirli 2015| * Nofaliya * W Africa * Egyptian airstrikes in Libya * Niger raid * E al-Hasakah * Tikrit * Sirte * Hama & Homs (Mar-Apr) * Sarrin (Mar-Apr) * Yarmouk * Qalamoun * Palmyra (May) * W al-Hasakah * Al-Hasakah city * Tell Abyad * Sarrin (Jun-Jul) * Al-Hasakah * Kobani * Palmyra (Jul-Aug) * Ramadi (15-16) * Al-Qaryatayn * Al-Hawl * Homs (Nov-Dec) * Sinjar * E Aleppo (15-16) * Niveneh Plains * Tishrin Dam 2016| * Deir ez-Zor (Jan) * Fallujah (Feb-May) * Nangarhar * Ben Guerdane * Ithriyah-Raqqa (Feb-Mar) * Al-Shaddadi * Khanasir * Al-Qaryatayn (Mar-Apr) * Palmyra (Mar) * N Aleppo (Mar-Jun) * Hīt * Tipo-Tipo * Sirte * Ar-Rutbah * N Raqqa * Fallujah (May-Jun) * Manbij * Ithriyah-Raqqa (Jun) * Abu Kamal * al-Rai (Aug) * N al-Bab (Sep) * W al-Bab (Sep) * Dabiq * W al-Bab (Oct-Nov) * Al-Bab * Aleppo * Palmyra 2017| * Mosul (16-17) * Raqqa (16-17) * Palmyra * Deir ez-Zor (Jan-Feb) * E Aleppo (Jan-Apr) * E Homs * Hama * W Nineveh * Tabqa * Syrian Desert (Dec 16-Apr 17) * Syrian Desert (May-Jul) * Maskanah * Marawi * Raqqa * S Raqqa * C Syria * Tal Afar * Deir ez-Zor (17-19) * Hawija * E Syria (Sep-Dec) * NW Syria (Oct 17-Feb 18) * Abu Kamal * W Iraq 2018| * As-Suwayda (Jun) * S Syria * As-Suwayda (Aug-Nov) 2019| * Hajin * Baghuz Fawqani * Barisha raid 2020| * Chinagodrar * Mocímboa da Praia * Al Bayda 2021| * Palma * Sambisa 2022| * Al-Hasakah * Atme raid Attacks| | 2014| * Jewish Museum of Belgium shooting * Camp Speicher massacre * Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu ramming | 2015| * Hypercacher kosher supermarket siege * Beheading of Copts in Libya * Corinthia Hotel * Al Qubbah bombings * Bardo National Museum * Sanaa bombings (Mar) * Jalalabad bombing * Curtis Culwell Center * Qatif & Dammam bombings * 26 June * Kobanî massacre * Saint-Quentin-Fallavier * Kuwait mosque bombing * Sousse * Khan Bani Saad bombing * Suruç bombing * Baghdad bombing (Aug) * Sanaa bombing (Sep) * Ankara bombings * Metrojet Flight 9268 * Beirut bombings * Paris (Nov) * Tunis bombing * Qamishli bombings 2016| * Zliten truck bombing * Hurghada * Istanbul bombing (Jan) * Jakarta * Ramadi bombing * Mahasin mosque * Sayyidah Zaynab (Jan) * Mosul massacre * Homs bombings (Feb) * Sayyidah Zaynab bombings (Feb) * Baghdad bombings (Feb) * Istanbul bombing (Mar) * Brussels bombings * Aden bombing * Iskandariya bombing * Baghdad bombing (Apr) * Samawa bombing * Gaziantep bombing (May) * Baghdad bombings (11 May) * Real Madrid fan club massacres * Baghdad gas plant * Yemen police bombings (15 May) * Baghdad bombings (17 May) * Jableh & Tartous bombings (May) * Yemen bombings (23 May) * Aktobe shootings * Magnanville stabbing * Mukalla (Jun) * Movida Bar * Atatürk Airport * Dhaka (Jul) * Karrada bombing * Muhammad ibn Ali al-Hadi Mausoleum * Würzburg train * Kabul bombing (Jul) * Ansbach bombing * Normandy church * Qamishli bombings (Jul) * Charleroi stabbing * Shchelkovo Highway police station * Aden bombing (Aug) * Syria bombings (5 Sep) * Baghdad bombings (9 Sep) * Baghdad bombings (Oct) * Quetta police college * Hamam al-Alil massacre * Khuzdar bombing * Samarinda bombing * Hillah bombing (Nov) * Aden bombings (Dec) * Botroseya bombing * Al-Karak * Berlin * Baghdad bombings (Dec) 2017| * Istanbul nightclub shooting * Baghdad bombings (2 Jan) * Azaz bombing (Jan) * Sehwan bombing * Kabul (Mar) * Westminster * St Petersburg Metro bombing * Egypt church bombings * Mastung bombing * Manchester Arena bombing * Jakarta bombings * Minya * Al-Faqma bombing * London Bridge * Brighton siege * Tehran * Pakistan attacks (Jun) * Hurghada * Quetta bombing (Aug) * Barcelona * Brussels (Aug) * Nasiriyah * Afghanistan (20 Oct) * Sinai mosque * Kabul bombing (28 Dec) * Saint Menas church 2018| * Baghdad bombings * Save The Children Jalalabad * Kizlyar church shooting * Kabul bombing (Mar) * Carcasonne & Trèbes * Kabul bombing (22 Apr) * Kabul bombings (30 Apr) * Tripoli * Mako Brimob standoff * Paris knife * Surabaya bombings * Liège * Jalalabad bombing (Jul) * Mastung & Bannu bombings * Quetta bombing * As-Suwayda * September Kabul * Ahvaz military parade * Minya bus * Melbourne stabbing 2019| * Jolo Cathedral bombings * Sri Lanka Easter bombings * Sainthamaruthu shootout * Kabul bombing (17 Aug) 2020| * 6 March Kabul shooting * Kabul gurdwara * May Afghanistan * Jalalabad prison * Jolo bombings * Kabul University * Vienna * December Afghanistan 2021| * Machh * January Baghdad bombings * Kabul school bombing * Kabul airport * Kunduz bombing * Kandahar bombing * Kampala bombings * Kabul hospital 2022| * Diyala massacre * Peshawar mosque * Hadera shooting * Mazar-i-Sharif bombing Politics and organization| * Finances * Ideology * Military * armoured warfare * Human rights * Genocide of Christians * Persecution of Shias * Genocide of Yazidis * Persecution of gay and bisexual men * Killing of captives * Beheading incidents * Destruction of cultural heritage Relations| * Iran and the Islamic State * Philippines and the Islamic State * United Kingdom and the Islamic State * Foreign fighters * Name changes due to the Islamic State * Portrayal of the Islamic State in American media * Connection with Saddam Regime and Baath Party Society| * Members * Terrorist cell in Brussels * Territorial claims * al-Barakah district * Collaboration Media| * Al-Bayan * Amaq News Agency * Dabiq * Dar al-Islam * Istok * Konstantiniyye * Rumiyah Related topics| * Defeating ISIS * Islamism * Millenarianism * Sexual violence in the Iraqi insurgency * Shia–Sunni relations * Slavery in 21st-century jihadism * Theocracy * Worldwide caliphate Coordinates: 34°33′36″N 38°16′02″E / 34.5600°N 38.2672°E / 34.5600; 38.2672 *[v]: View this template *[t]: Discuss this template *[e]: Edit this template