Short description: Highest rank of official in Ancient Egypt Statue of Hemiunu, vizier and designer of Khufu's pyramid, at the Roemer- und Pelizaeus-Museum Hildesheim, Germany. His feet rest on columns of hieroglyphs, painted in yellow, red, brown, and black. G47-t:Z1-A1 style="background: Template:Hiero/nk/bgcolour; border-bottom: 1px solid Template:Hiero/nk/bordercolour; padding: 0.5em" | Vizier (Tjaty) in hieroglyphs The vizier (/vɪˈzɪər, ˈvɪz.jər/)[1] was the highest official in ancient Egypt to serve the pharaoh (king) during the Old, Middle, and New Kingdoms.[2] Vizier is the generally accepted rendering of ancient Egyptian tjati, tjaty etc., among Egyptologists.[3] The Instruction of Rekhmire (Installation of the Vizier), a New Kingdom text, defines many of the duties of the tjaty, and lays down codes of behavior. The viziers were often appointed by the pharaoh. During the 4th Dynasty and early 5th Dynasty, viziers were exclusively drawn from the royal family; from the period around the reign of Neferirkare Kakai onwards, they were chosen according to loyalty and talent or inherited the position from their fathers.[4] ## Contents * 1 Responsibilities * 2 Installation of the Vizier * 3 List of viziers * 3.1 Early Dynastic period * 3.2 Old Kingdom * 3.3 Middle Kingdom and Second Intermediate Period * 3.4 New Kingdom * 3.5 Third Intermediate Period * 3.6 Late Period * 4 See also * 5 References * 6 External links ## Responsibilities The viziers were appointed by the pharaohs and often belonged to a pharaoh's family. The vizier's paramount duty was to supervise the running of the country, much like a prime minister. At times this included small details such as sampling the city's water supply.[5] All other lesser supervisors and officials, such as tax collectors and scribes, reported to the vizier. The judiciary was part of the civil administration, and the vizier also sat in the High Court. At any time, the pharaoh could exert his own control over any aspect of government, overriding the vizier's decisions. The vizier also supervised the security of the pharaoh and the palace by overseeing the comings and goings of palace visitors.[6] The viziers often acted as the pharaoh's seal bearer as well, and the vizier would record trade.[7] From the Fifth Dynasty onwards, viziers, who by then were the highest civilian bureaucratic official, held supreme responsibility for the administration of the palace and government, including jurisdiction, scribes, state archives, central granaries, treasury, storage of surplus products and their redistribution, and supervision of building projects such as the royal pyramid.[8] In the New Kingdom, there was a vizier for Upper Egypt and Lower Egypt each.[9] ## Installation of the Vizier According to the Installation of the Vizier, a New Kingdom document describing the office of the vizier, there were certain traits and behaviors that were required to be a vizier: * Act by the law * Judge fairly * Do not act willfully or headstrong ## List of viziers ### Early Dynastic period Viziers of the Early Dynastic period Vizier | Pharaoh | Dynasty | Comments | | | Menka | Ninetjer? | 2nd Dynasty | Earliest known holder of the title ### Old Kingdom Viziers of the Old Kingdom Vizier | Pharaoh | Dynasty | Comments | | | Kagemni I | Sneferu | 4th Dynasty | Purported author of the Instructions of Kagemni. Not attested in contemporary sources, Nefermaat I | Khufu | 4th Dynasty | Son of Sneferu and father of Hemiunu Hemiunu | Khufu | 4th Dynasty | Nefermaat's son, believed to have designed Khufu's pyramid Kawab | Khufu | 4th Dynasty | Eldest son and vizier of Khufu Ankhhaf | Khafre | 4th Dynasty | Son of Sneferu Nefermaat II | Khafre | 4th Dynasty | Nephew of Nefermaat the Elder, a son of Nefertkau I; a grandson of Sneferu Minkhaf | Khafre | 4th Dynasty | Son of Khufu, vizier under Khafre Khufukhaef | Khafre | 4th Dynasty | Son of Khufu, vizier under Khafre Nikaure | Menkaure | 4th Dynasty | Son of Khafre Ankhmare | Menkaure | 4th Dynasty | Son of Khafre Duaenre | Menkaure | 4th Dynasty | Son of Khafre, vizier during the late 4th dynasty Nebemakhet | Menkaure | 4th Dynasty | Son of Queen Meresankh III Iunmin I | Menkaure | 4th Dynasty | Possibly son of Khafre, vizier during the late 4th dynasty Babaef II | Shepseskaf | 4th Dynasty | Grandson of Khafre | | | Seshathotep Heti | Userkaf, early 5th Dynasty | 5th Dynasty | It is not certain if Seshathetep held the titles of a vizier. Sekhemkare | Userkaf and Sahure | 5th Dynasty | Son of Khafre and queen Hekenuhedjet. Werbauba | Sahure | 5th Dynasty | Washptah | Sahure and Neferirkare Kakai | 5th Dynasty | Minnefer | Nyuserre Ini | 5th Dynasty | Ptahshepses | Nyuserre Ini | 5th Dynasty | Became the son-in-law of Nyuserre Ini some time after his ascension to the throne. Kay | Nyuserre Ini | 5th Dynasty | Pehenuikai | Nyuserre Ini | 5th Dynasty | Ptahhotep Desher | Menkauhor or Djedkare Isesi | 5th Dynasty | Ptahhotep | Djedkare Isesi | 5th Dynasty | Seshemnefer (III) | Djedkare Isesi | 5th Dynasty | Ptahhotep I | Djedkare Isesi | 5th Dynasty | Purported author of The Maxims of Ptahhotep Akhethotep | Djedkare Isesi | 5th Dynasty | Son of Ptahhotep I. Senedjemib Inti | Djedkare Isesi | 5th Dynasty | Ptahhotep II | Unas | 5th Dynasty | Akhethetep Hemi | Unas | 5th Dynasty | Ihy | Unas | 5th Dynasty | Niankhba | Unas | 5th Dynasty | Sekhem-ankh-Ptah | | 5th Dynasty or 6th Dynasty | Dating uncertain, may have been the son-in-law of a king. | | | Senedjemib Mehi | | 6th Dynasty | possible son-in-law of Unas (or Djedkare Isesi), vizier during the early 6th dynasty Nefersheshemre | Teti | 6th Dynasty | Kagemni | Teti | 6th Dynasty | son-in-law of Teti Mereruka | Teti | 6th Dynasty | son-in-law of Teti Khentika | Teti | 6th Dynasty | Mehu | Teti | 6th Dynasty | Ankhmahor | Teti - Pepi I | 6th Dynasty | Merefnebef | Teti - Pepi I | 6th Dynasty | Merefnebef is also known as Unis-ankh and Fefi in his tomb Heri | Teti - Pepi I | 6th Dynasty | May have participated in the assassination of Teti Meryteti | Pepi I | 6th Dynasty | grandson of Teti, son of Mereruka Iunmin II | Pepi I | 6th Dynasty | Nebet | Pepi I | 6th Dynasty | First woman appointed vizier, mother-in-law of Pepi I Inenek-Inti | Pepi I | 6th Dynasty | Consort of Pepi I Tjetju | Pepi I | 6th Dynasty | Weni | Pepi I | 6th Dynasty | Likely the same person as vizier Neferwenmeryre Qar | Pepi I | 6th Dynasty | Djau | Pepi I | 6th Dynasty | brother-in-law of Pepi I, son of Nebet Rawer (vizier) | Pepi I | 6th Dynasty | Teti (vizier) | Pepi II | 6th Dynasty | | | | Shemay | Neferkaure - Neferkauhor | 8th Dynasty | son-in-law of Neferkauhor, nomarch of Coptos, later vizier Idy | Neferirkare(?) | 8th Dynasty | son of Shemay ### Middle Kingdom and Second Intermediate Period Viziers of the Middle Kingdom and Second Intermediate Period Vizier | Pharaoh | Dynasty | Comments | | | Bebi | Mentuhotep II | 11th Dynasty | Dagi | Mentuhotep II | 11th Dynasty | Amenemhat | Mentuhotep IV | 11th Dynasty | He later became king as Amenemhat I, first Pharaoh of the 12th Dynasty | | | Ipi | Amenemhat I | 12th Dynasty | Intefiqer | Amenemhat I Senusret I | 12th Dynasty | He is indicated in the Wadi el-Hudi as being involved in military missions in Lower Nubia.[10] Senusret | Senusret I Amenemhat II | 12th Dynasty | Ameny | Amenemhat II | 12th Dynasty | Amenemhat-ankh | Amenemhat II (?)[11] | 12th Dynasty | Siese | Amenemhat II | 12th Dynasty | Nebit | Senusret III | 12th Dynasty | Khnumhotep III | Senusret III | 12th Dynasty | Kheti | Amenemhat III | 12th Dynasty | Ameny | Amenemhat III | 12th Dynasty | [12] Zamonth | Amenemhat III | 12th Dynasty | [12] Senewosret-Ankh (vizier) | | End 12th Dynasty Beginning 13th Dynasty | | | | Khenmes | [12] | 13th Dynasty | Ankhu | Khendjer | 13th Dynasty | Resseneb | | 13th dynasty | Son of Ankhu[13] Iymeru | | 13th Dynasty | Son of Ankhu[13] Neferkare Iymeru | Sobekhotep IV | 13th Dynasty | Sobka called Bebi[14] | | 13th Dynasty | Ibiaw[14] | Ibiaw or Ay | 13th Dynasty | Sonbhenaf[14] | Ibiaw or Ay, or Djehuti | uncertain | Aya[14] | Ini I | 13th Dynasty | Aya was Governor of El Kab before being appointed vizier in year 1 of Ini I, as reported in the Juridical Stela Ayameru[14] | | 13th Dynasty | Ayameru was the younger son of Aya and succeeded him in office, as reported in the Juridical Stela ### New Kingdom Viziers of the New Kingdom Vizier of the South (Thebes) | Pharaoh | Dynasty | Comments | | | Tetinefer | Ahmose I? | 18th Dynasty | Vizier of the North (Memphis) Imhotep | Thutmose I | 18th Dynasty | Vizier of the South Aakheperreseneb | Thutmose I | 18th Dynasty | Vizier of the South Amethu called Ahmose | Thutmose II, Hatshepsut, Thutmose III | 18th Dynasty | Vizier of the South Useramen | Hatshepsut, Thutmose III | 18th Dynasty | Vizier of the South Neferweben | Thutmose III | 18th Dynasty | Likely Vizier of the North Rekhmire | Thutmose III | 18th Dynasty | Vizier of the South Amenemipet called Pairy | Amenhotep II, Thutmose IV | 18th Dynasty | Vizier of the South Seny | Thutmose IV | 18th Dynasty | Vizier of the South Hepu | Thutmose IV | 18th Dynasty | Vizier of the South Thutmose | Thutmose IV | 18th Dynasty | Vizier of the North Ptahmose | Amenhotep III | 18th Dynasty | Vizier of the South Amenhotep-Huy | Amenhotep III | 18th Dynasty | Vizier of the North Aperel | Amenhotep III, Akhenaten | 18th Dynasty | Vizier of the North Ramose | Amenhotep III, Akhenaten | 18th Dynasty | Vizier of the South Nakhtpaaten | Akhenaten | 18th Dynasty | Vizier of the South Pentu | Tutankhamen | 18th Dynasty | Vizier of the South Usermontu | Tutankhamen | 18th Dynasty | Vizier of the South Ay ? | Tutankhamen | 18th Dynasty | Vizier of the South, succeeded Tutankhamen as Pharaoh Paramessu | Horemheb | 18th Dynasty | Later took the throne as Ramesses I Nebamun | Horemheb, Ramesses I, Seti I, Ramesses II | 18th Dynasty, 19th Dynasty | Vizier of the North Prince Seti | Ramesses I | 19th Dynasty | Hatiay | Seti I, Ramesses II | 19th Dynasty | Vizier of the North? Paser (Vizier) | Seti I, Ramesses II | 19th Dynasty | Vizier of the South Nehi | Ramesses II | 19th Dynasty | Vizier of the South Khay | Ramesses II | 19th Dynasty | Vizier of the South, ca. Year 27-45 Thutmose | Ramesses II | 19th Dynasty | Vizier of the South, ca. Year 45-50. Prehotep I | Ramesses II | 19th Dynasty | Vizier of the North in ca year 40. Prehotep II | Ramesses II | 19th Dynasty | Vizier of the North in ca year 50. Neferronpet | Ramesses II | 19th Dynasty | Vizier of the South in ca year 50 Panehesy | Merenptah | 19th Dynasty | Vizier of the South Pensekhmet | Merenptah | 19th Dynasty | Vizier of the South, Year 8 Merysekhmet | Merenptah | 19th Dynasty | Vizier of the North, Year 3? Amenmose | Seti II and Amenmesse | 19th Dynasty | Vizier of the South Khaemtir | Seti II and Amenmesse | 19th Dynasty | Vizier of the South Paraemheb | Seti II and Amenmesse | 19th Dynasty | Vizier of the South Hori II | Seti II, Siptah, Twosret, Sethnakht and Ramesses III | 19th Dynasty | Iuty | | 20th Dynasty | Vizier of the North? Nehi? | Ramesses III | 20th Dynasty | Hewernef | Ramesses III | 20th Dynasty | Vizier of the South To | Ramesses III | 20th Dynasty | Vizier of the South Neferronpe | Ramesses IV to Ramesses VI | 20th Dynasty | Vizier Nehy | Ramesses VI | 20th Dynasty | Vizier, son of Neferronpe Mentehetef (Montu-hir-hetef) | Ramesses IX | 20th Dynasty | Vizier of the South Wennefer | Ramesses IX | 20th Dynasty | Vizier of the South Nebmarenakht also called Saht(a)-nefer | Ramesses IX, Ramesses X and Ramesses XI | 20th Dynasty | Vizier of the South Khaemwaset | Ramesses IX | 20th Dynasty | Vizier of the South Nebmarenakht (again) | Ramesses IX | 20th Dynasty | Vizier of the South Herihor | Ramesses XI | 20th Dynasty | Vizier of the South ### Third Intermediate Period Viziers of the South[15] Vizier | Pharaoh | year | Dynasty | Comments | | | | Herihor | Smendes I | c. 1075 B.C. | 21st Dynasty | Pinedjem I | Smendes I | c. 1070 B.C. | 21st Dynasty | Amenhirpamesha | Psusennes I | c. 1040 B.C. | 21st Dynasty | Neseramun (A) | Siamun | c. 960 B.C. | 21st Dynasty | Son of Nebneteru (ii) a Letter Writer to the Pharaoh Padimut (A) | Shoshenq I | c. 930 B.C. | 22nd-23rd Dynasty | Vizier of the South Ia-o | Osorkon I | c. 900 B.C. | 22nd-23rd Dynasty | Rudpamut | Takelot I | c. 880 B.C. | 22nd-23rd Dynasty | Hor(y) | Takelot I | c. 876 B.C. | 22nd-23rd Dynasty | Hori | Takelot II | c. 845? B.C. | 22nd-23rd Dynasty | Son of Iutjek? Nespakheshuty A | Takelot II | c. 835 B.C. | 22nd-23rd Dynasty | Harsiese D | Shoshenq III | c. 825 B.C. | 22nd-23rd Dynasty | Hor (viii) | Shoshenq III | c. 820 B.C. | 22nd-23rd Dynasty | Pentyefankh | Pedubast I | c. 815 B.C. | 22nd-23rd Dynasty | Harsiese E | Shoshenq III / Shoshenq IV | c. 790 B.C. | 22nd-23rd Dynasty | Djedkhonsefankh E | Shoshenq III / Osorkon III | c. 780 B.C. | 22nd-23rd Dynasty | Nakhtefmut C | Shoshenq III / Osorkon III | c. 775 B.C. | 22nd-23rd Dynasty | Hor x | Osorkon III | c. 770 B.C. | 22nd-23rd Dynasty | Son of Nakhtefmut C Pamiu | Osorkon III | c. 765 B.C. | 22nd-23rd Dynasty | Vizier of the South Pakharu | Takelot III | c. 760 B.C. | 22nd-23rd Dynasty | Son of Pamiu Ankh-Osorkon | Rudamun | c. 755 B.C. | 22nd-23rd Dynasty | Pediamonet | Iuput II | c. 750 B.C. | 22nd-23rd Dynasty | Son of Pamiu Harsiese F | Iuput II | c. 745 B.C. | 22nd-23rd Dynasty | Nesmin A | Iuput II | c. 740 B.C. | 22nd-23rd Dynasty | Son of Harsiese F Ankh-hor | Iuput II | c. 730 B.C. | 22nd-23rd Dynasty | Nespakheshuty B | Iuput II | c. 725 B.C. | 22nd-23rd Dynasty | Pediese | Iuput II | c. 720 B.C. | 22nd-23rd Dynasty | Son of Harsiese F? | | | Khamhor A | ? | | 25th Dynasty | Vizier of the South, Son of Harsiese F Harsiese G Pahrer | ? | | 25th Dynasty | Vizier of the South, Son of Khamhor A Nesmin B | ? | | 25th Dynasty | Vizier of the South, Son of Khamhor A Mentuhotep | ? | | 25th Dynasty | Vizier of the North Nespaqashuty C | Shebitku | | 25th Dynasty | Vizier of the South Harsiese R | ? | | 25th Dynasty | Vizier of the North Nespamedu | Taharqa | | 25th Dynasty | Vizier of the South, Son of Nespaqashuty C Nespaqashuty D | ? | | 25th-26th Dynasty | Vizier of the South, buried in TT312, Son of Nespademu Djedkare | ? | | 25th-26th Dynasty | Vizier of the North ### Late Period Viziers of the Late Period[16] Vizier | Pharaoh | Dynasty | Comments | | | Sasobek | Psamtik I | 25th-26th Dynasty | Vizier of the North Nasekheperensekhmet | Psamtik I | 26th Dynasty | Vizier of the North Bakenrenef | Psamtik I | 26th Dynasty | Vizier of the North Ankhwennefer | Psamtik I | 26th Dynasty | Vizier of the North Iry | | 26th Dynasty | Vizier of the South Djedwebasettiuefankh | | 26th Dynasty | Vizier of the South Iufaa | Psamtik I | 26th Dynasty | Vizier of the North, father of Gemenefhorbak Gemenefhorbak | Psamtik I | 26th Dynasty | Vizier of the North Harsomtusemhat | | 26th Dynasty | Vizier of the North Psamtek-Meryneit | Amasis II | 26th Dynasty | Vizier of the North Pasherientaihet | Amasis II | 26th Dynasty | Vizier of the North Horsiese | | 26th Dynasty | Vizier of the North | | | Psamtikseneb | Nectanebo II | 30th Dynasty | ## See also * Vizier * Shogun ## References 1. ↑ "vizier". Dictionary.com Unabridged. Random House. https://www.dictionary.com/browse/vizier. 2. ↑ Shaw, Ian (2002). The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt. Oxford University Press. p. 104. ISBN 978-0-19-280293-4. https://books.google.com/books?id=J-rIO6BBh6IC&q=vizier. 3. ↑ Template:GardinerReference 4. ↑ M. Heimlich, Ancient Egyptian Literature, vol.2, pp.21ff. 5. ↑ Goddard, J (2012). Public Health Entomology. Starkville: CRC Press. 6. ↑ Ancient Egyptian administration. Moreno Garcia, Juan Carlos. Leiden, The Netherlands. 2013. ISBN 9789004249523. OCLC 849248179. 7. ↑ [1] 8. ↑ Ancient Egyptian administration. Moreno Garcia, Juan Carlos. Leiden, The Netherlands. 2013. ISBN 9789004249523. OCLC 849248179. 9. ↑ Jane Bingham, Fiona Chandler, Jane Chisholm, Gill Harvey, Lisa Miles,Struan Reid, and Sam Taplin "The Usborne Internet-Linked Encyclopedia of the Ancient World" page 80 [clarification needed] 10. ↑ Ancient Egyptian administration. Moreno Garcia, Juan Carlos. Leiden, The Netherlands. 2013. ISBN 9789004249523. OCLC 849248179. 11. ↑ W. Grajetzki: Court Officials of the Egyptian Middle Kingdom, London 2009, ISBN:978-0-7156-3745-6, p. 169 12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 Grajetzki: Court Officials, 169 13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 Grajetzki: Court Officials, 170 14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 14.3 14.4 Kim Ryholt, The Political Situation in Egypt during the Second Intermediate Period c.1800-1550 B.C." Museum Tuscolanum Press, 1997. p.192 (ISBN:87-7289-421-0) 15. ↑ Kitchen, Kenneth A. The Third Intermediate Period in Egypt, 1100-650 B.C. (Book & Supplement) Aris & Phillips. 1986 , Table 15, pg 483 16. ↑ Viziers by Anneke Bart ## External links * The vizierate * aldokkan.com 1. REDIRECT Template:Ancient Egypt topics 0.00 (0 votes) Original source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vizier (Ancient Egypt). Read more | Retrieved from "https://handwiki.org/wiki/index.php?title=Social:Vizier_(Ancient_Egypt)&oldid=447024"