1820 treaty of Argentina The Treaty of Pilar (in Spanish, Tratado del Pilar) was a pact signed among the rulers of the Argentine provinces of Santa Fe, Entre Ríos and Buenos Aires, which is recognized as the foundation of the federal organization of the country. It was signed in the city of Pilar, Buenos Aires on 23 February 1820 by governor Estanislao López for Santa Fe, caudillo Francisco Ramírez for Entre Ríos, and provisional governor Manuel de Sarratea for Buenos Aires, after the dissolution of the national government caused by the Battle of Cepeda. A reference to it was included in the Preamble of the Argentine Constitution of 1853 as one of the "pre-existing pacts" fulfilled by it. Pilar Treaty's document The treaty established national unity, the end of hostilities between the provinces, the withdrawal of military forces from Buenos Aires, a general amnesty for politically persecuted people, and the free navigability of the rivers Paraná and Uruguay by the signatories. It also called for deputies sent by them to be gathered in a congress in San Lorenzo, Santa Fe, 60 days afterwards, to decide on a federalist form of government. It noticeably excluded José Gervasio Artigas, former leader of the federalist Free Peoples' League, who had recently been defeated in the Battle of Tacuarembó (Eastern Bank, present-day Uruguay) by the Brazilian-Portuguese Empire. Artigas, who had been fighting along Santa Fe and Entre Ríos against the centralist government in Buenos Aires, denounced the pact as a treason on the part of his allies. López wrote back to him explaining that the treaty was for the common good, and wondering whether Artigas was aware of the situation in the provinces. The Treaty of Pilar was soon followed by the Treaty of Benegas, for the mutual defense of Santa Fe and Buenos Aires against the expansionist Entre Ríos and, two years later, by the Quadrilateral Treaty (including Pilar's signatories, plus Corrientes Province). ## References[edit] * (in Spanish) Historia General de las Relaciones Exteriores de la República Argentina. Las relaciones de Santa Fe con Buenos Aires, Entre Ríos y la Banda Oriental * v * t * e Argentine Civil Wars (1814-76) Parties involved (leaders)| | Federalists| * José Gervasio Artigas * Mariano Vera * Estanislao López * Francisco Ramírez * Juan Bautista Bustos * Manuel Dorrego * Facundo Quiroga * Alejandro Heredia * Pascual Echagüe * Juan Manuel de Rosas * Justo José de Urquiza * Ricardo López Jordán * Felipe Varela * Chacho Peñaloza | Unitarians| * Carlos María de Alvear * Juan Martín de Pueyrredón * José Rondeau * Bernardino Rivadavia * Juan Lavalle * José María Paz * Juan Esteban Pedernera * Gregorio Aráoz de Lamadrid * Pedro Ferré * Domingo Faustino Sarmiento Battles| * Cepeda (1820) * Navarro (1828) * San Roque (1829) * Márquez Bridge (1829) * La Tablada (1829) * Oncativo (1830) * Sauce Grande (1840) * Famaillá (1841) * Caaguazú (1841) * Laguna Limpia (1846) * Vuelta de Obligado (1846) * Caseros (1852) * Cepeda (1859) * Pavón (1861) * Don Gonzalo (1873) Treaties| * Pilar (1820) * Benegas (1820) * Quadrilateral (1822) * Cañuelas Pact (1829) * Federal Pact (1831) * Protocol of Palermo (1852) * San Nicolás (1852) * Pact of San José de Flores (1859) See also| * United Provinces of the Río de la Plata * League of the Free Peoples * Arequito Revolt * Revolution of the Restorers * Unitarian League * Argentine Confederation * Uruguayan Civil War * Freemen of the South * Revolution of 11 September 1852 * State of Buenos Aires * Argentine Constitution of 1853 *[v]: View this template *[t]: Discuss this template *[e]: Edit this template