Human mitochondrial DNA

Haplogroup JT

Possible time of origin| 50,300 YBP
Possible place of origin| Southwest Asia
Ancestor| R2'JT
Descendants| J, T
Defining mutations| 11251, 15452A, 16126[1]

Haplogroup JT is a human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup.

## Contents

* 1 Origin
* 2 Subclades
* 2.1 Tree
* 2.2 Health
* 3 See also
* 4 References
* 5 External links

## Origin[edit]

Haplogroup JT is descended from the macro-haplogroup R. It is the ancestral clade to the mitochondrial haplogroups J and T.

JT (predominantly J) was found among the ancient Etruscans.[2] The haplogroup has also been found among Iberomaurusian specimens dating from the Epipaleolithic at the Taforalt prehistoric site.[3] One ancient individual carried a haplotype, which correlates with either the JT clade or the haplogroup H subclade H14b1 (1/9; 11%).[4]

## Subclades[edit]

### Tree[edit]

This phylogenetic tree of haplogroup JT subclades is based on the paper by Mannis van Oven and Manfred Kayser Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation[1] and subsequent published research.

* R2'JT
* JT
* J
* T

### Health[edit]

Maternally inherited ancient mtDNA variants have clear impact on the presentation of disease in a modern society. Superhaplogroup JT is an example of reduced risk of Parkinson's disease[5] And mitochondrial and mtDNa alterations continue to be promising disease biomarkers.[6][7]

## See also[edit]

* Genealogical DNA test
* Genetic genealogy
* Human mitochondrial genetics
* Population genetics

Phylogenetic tree of human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroups

| Mitochondrial Eve (L)  |  |
L0 | L1–6  |
L1 | L2 |  | L3 |  |  | L4 | L5 | L6
M | N |
CZ | D | E | G | Q |  | O | A | S | R |  | I | W | X | Y
C | Z | B | F | R0 |  | pre-JT |  | P |  | U
HV | JT | K
H | V | J | T

## References[edit]

1. ^ a b van Oven, Mannis; Manfred Kayser (13 Oct 2008). "Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation". Human Mutation. 30 (2): E386–E394. doi:10.1002/humu.20921. PMID 18853457.
2. ^ "We Are Not Our Ancestors".
3. ^ Bernard Secher; Rosa Fregel; José M Larruga; Vicente M Cabrera; Phillip Endicott; José J Pestano; Ana M González (2014). "The history of the North African mitochondrial DNA haplogroup U6 gene flow into the African, Eurasian and American continents". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 14: 109. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-14-109. PMC 4062890. PMID 24885141.
4. ^ Kefi, Rym; et al. (2016). "On the origin of Iberomaurusians: new data based on ancient mitochondrial DNA and phylogenetic analysis of Afalou and Taforalt populations". Mitochondrial DNA Part A. 29 (1): 147–157. doi:10.1080/24701394.2016.1258406. PMID 28034339. S2CID 4490910.
5. ^ Marom S, Friger M, Mishmar D. MtDNA meta-analysis reveals both phenotype specificity and allele heterogeneity: a model for differential association. Sci Rep. 2017 Feb 23;7:43449. doi: 10.1038/srep43449. PMID 28230165; PMCID: PMC5322532.
6. ^ Rebeca Martín-Jiménez, Olivier Lurette, and Etienne Hebert-Chatelain.DNA and Cell Biology.Aug 2020.1421-1430.http://doi.org/10.1089/dna.2020.5398
7. ^ Mitochondrion. 2019 May; 46: 307–312.doi: 10.1016/j.mito.2018.07.008

## External links[edit]

* General
* Ian Logan's Mitochondrial DNA Site
* Mannis van Oven's Phylotree

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