Short description: F-type star in the constellation Cetus

Sigma Ceti  Observation data
Equinox J2000.0]] (ICRS)

Constellation | Cetus
Right ascension |  02h 32m 05.22884s[1]
Declination | −15° 14′ 40.8278″[1]
Apparent magnitude (V) | 4.78[2]
Characteristics
Spectral type | F5 V[3] or F4 IV[4]
U−B color index | −0.03[2]
B−V color index | +0.45[2]
Astrometry
Radial velocity (Rv)| −27.5±0.9[5] km/s
Proper motion (μ)|  RA: −80.21[1] mas/yr
Dec.: −146.29[1] mas/yr
Parallax (π)| 37.46 ± 0.25[1] mas
Distance| 87.1 ± 0.6 ly
(26.7 ± 0.2 pc)
Absolute magnitude (MV)| +2.68[3]
Details
σ Cet A
Mass| 1.21[6] M☉
Radius| 1.5[7] R☉
Luminosity| 7.6[8] L☉
Surface gravity (log g)| 4.07±0.07[9] cgs
Temperature| 6,527±59[9] K
Metallicity [Fe/H]| −0.12±0.04[9] dex
Rotational velocity (v sin i)| 20[3] km/s
Age| 2.135[6] Gyr
Other designations

σ Cet, 76 Cet, BD−15° 449, FK5 1071, HD 15798, HIP 11783, HR 740, SAO 148445.[10]

Database references
SIMBAD| data

Sigma Ceti (σ Ceti) is the Bayer designation for a star in the equatorial constellation of Cetus. With an apparent visual magnitude of 4.78,[2] it can be seen with the naked eye on a dark night. Based upon an annual parallax shift of 37.46 mas,[1] it lies at an estimated distance of 87.1 light years from the Sun. It is a probable astrometric binary star system.[11]

The primary, component A, appears to be a normal F-type main sequence star with a stellar classification of F5 V.[3] However, Malaroda (1975) assigned it a classification of F4 IV,[4] which would suggest it is a more evolved subgiant star. It is estimated to have 121%[6] of the Sun's mass and around 150% of the radius of the Sun.[7] With an age of about 2.1[6] billion years, it is radiating 7.6[8] times the solar luminosity from its outer atmosphere at an effective temperature of 6,527 K.[9]

## Name

This star, along with π Cet, ε Cet and ρ Cet, was Al Sufi's Al Sadr al Ḳaiṭos, the Whale's Breast [12]

According to the catalogue of stars in the Technical Memorandum 33-507 - A Reduced Star Catalog Containing 537 Named Stars, Al Sadr al Ḳaiṭos were the title for four stars :ρ Cet as Al Sadr al Ḳaiṭos I, this star (σ Cet) as Al Sadr al Ḳaiṭos II, ε Cet as Al Sadr al Ḳaiṭos III and π Cet as Al Sadr al Ḳaiṭos IV[13]

## References

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 van Leeuwen, F. (2007), "Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction", Astronomy and Astrophysics 474 (2): 653–664, doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20078357, Bibcode: 2007A&A...474..653V.
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Mermilliod, J.-C. (1986), "Compilation of Eggen's UBV data, transformed to UBV (unpublished)", Catalogue of Eggen's UBV Data, Bibcode: 1986EgUBV........0M.
3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Takeda, Yoichi et al. (February 2005), "High-Dispersion Spectra Collection of Nearby F--K Stars at Okayama Astrophysical Observatory: A Basis for Spectroscopic Abundance Standards", Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan 57 (1): 13–25, doi:10.1093/pasj/57.1.13, Bibcode: 2005PASJ...57...13T.
4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Malaroda, S. (August 1975), "Study of the F-type stars. I. MK spectral types", Astronomical Journal 80: 637–641, doi:10.1086/111786, Bibcode: 1975AJ.....80..637M.
5. ↑ de Bruijne, J. H. J.; Eilers, A.-C. (October 2012), "Radial velocities for the HIPPARCOS-Gaia Hundred-Thousand-Proper-Motion project", Astronomy & Astrophysics 546: 14, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201219219, A61, Bibcode: 2012A&A...546A..61D.
6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 David, Trevor J.; Hillenbrand, Lynne A. (2015), "The Ages of Early-Type Stars: Strömgren Photometric Methods Calibrated, Validated, Tested, and Applied to Hosts and Prospective Hosts of Directly Imaged Exoplanets", The Astrophysical Journal 804 (2): 146, doi:10.1088/0004-637X/804/2/146, Bibcode: 2015ApJ...804..146D.
7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Pasinetti Fracassini, L. E.; Pastori, L.; Covino, S.; Pozzi, A. (February 2001), "Catalogue of Apparent Diameters and Absolute Radii of Stars (CADARS)", Astronomy and Astrophysics 367 (2): 521–524, doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20000451, Bibcode: 2001A&A...367..521P.
8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 McDonald, I. et al. (2012), "Fundamental Parameters and Infrared Excesses of Hipparcos Stars", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 427 (1): 343–57, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.21873.x, Bibcode: 2012MNRAS.427..343M.
9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 Prugniel, Ph. et al. (July 2011), "The atmospheric parameters and spectral interpolator for the MILES stars", Astronomy & Astrophysics 531: A165, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201116769, Bibcode: 2011A&A...531A.165P.
10. ↑ "* sig Cet". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-basic?Ident=*+sig+Cet.
11. ↑ Eggleton, P. P.; Tokovinin, A. A. (September 2008), "A catalogue of multiplicity among bright stellar systems", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 389 (2): 869–879, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.13596.x, Bibcode: 2008MNRAS.389..869E.
12. ↑ Allen, R. H. (1963). Star Names: Their Lore and Meaning (Reprint ed.). New York: Dover Publications Inc.. p. 162. ISBN 978-0-486-21079-7. https://archive.org/details/starnamestheirlo00alle/page/162. Retrieved 2010-12-12.
13. ↑ Jack W. Rhoads - Technical Memorandum 33-507-A Reduced Star Catalog Containing 537 Named Stars, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology; November 15, 1971

## External links

* http://www.alcyone.de/SIT/bsc/HR0740.html
* http://server3.wikisky.org/starview?object_type=1&object_id=1384

* v
* t
* e

Cetus constellation

Stars
(list)|

| Bayer|

* α (Menkar)
* β (Diphda)
* γ (Kaffaljidhma)
* δ
* ε
* ζ (Baten Kaitos)
* η
* θ
* ι
* κ1
* κ2
* λ
* μ
* ν
* ξ1
* ξ2
* ο (Mira)
* π
* ρ
* σ
* τ
* υ
* φ1
* φ2
* φ3
* φ4
* χ

|

Flamsteed|

* 1
* 2
* 3
* 6
* 7
* 9
* 10
* 11
* 12
* 13
* 14
* 15
* 18
* 20
* 21
* 25
* 26
* 27
* 28
* 29
* 30
* 32
* 33
* 34
* 35
* 36
* 37
* 38
* 39
* 40
* 41
* 42
* 43
* 44
* 46
* 47
* 48
* 49
* 50
* 56
* 57
* 58
* 60
* 61
* 62
* 63
* 64
* 66
* 67
* 69
* 70
* 71
* 75
* 77
* 79
* 80
* 81
* 84
* 93
* 94
* 95
* 25 Ari

Variable|

* T
* RR
* TV
* TW
* UU
* VZ (Mira B)
* WW
* WX
* XY
* XZ
* YZ
* ZZ
* AA
* AB
* AD
* AR
* BG
* BK
* CF
* DK
* EH
* EL
* EO
* ES

HR|

* 9
* 10
* 12
* 16
* 31
* 37
* 51
* 61
* 66
* 72
* 108
* 115
* 118
* 150
* 159
* 172
* 173
* 174
* 190
* 197
* 201
* 206
* 210
* 218
* 220
* 227
* 228
* 232
* 247
* 251
* 263
* 320
* 325
* 387
* 388
* 392
* 394
* 404
* 405
* 406
* 416
* 425
* 448
* 466
* 473
* 492
* 500
* 507
* 513
* 560
* 608
* 611
* 616
* 625
* 638
* 651
* 672
* 684
* 692
* 693
* 697
* 713
* 719
* 725
* 732
* 735
* 737
* 745
* 751
* 766
* 770
* 775
* 783
* 784
* 795
* 796
* 816
* 870
* 908
* 926
* 942
* 9054
* 9095
* 9096
* 9101

HD|

* 1690
* 1879
* 2268
* 2638
* 4747
* 5319
* 6037
* 6718
* 7449
* 8713
* 8896
* 9690
* 9731
* 10024
* 10725
* 11365
* 11396
* 11506
* 11964
* 12116
* 12702
* 13004
* 13546
* 13763
* 15115
* 16008
* 16031
* 17001
* 224349
* 224693 (Axólotl)

Gliese|

* Gliese 40
* Gliese 105
* GJ 1002
* GJ 1005
* GJ 1057
* GJ 2012

Other|

* BD−17 63
* Cayrel's Star
* CFBDS J005910.90–011401.3
* CS 31082-001
* DENIS-P J020529.0−115925
* GD 40
* HIP 5158
* HIP 11952
* L 870-2
* LHS 1140
* Luyten 726-8 (UV/BL)
* NGC 156
* NGC 302
* NGC 308
* NGC 310
* PSR B0031−07
* PSR J0034−0534
* PSR J0108−1431
* SDSS J001820.5−093939.2
* SDSS J0106−1000
* ULAS J003402.77−005206.7
* WD J2356-209
* WASP-26
* WASP-44
* WASP-71
* WISE J0254+0223

Nebulae|

| Planetary|

* BoBn 1
* NGC 246

|

Galaxies|

| Messier|

* 77

|

NGC|

* 17
* 35
* 45
* 47
* 50
* 54
* 59
* 61
* 62
* 64
* 65
* 66
* 73
* 77
* 102
* 107
* 113
* 114
* 117
* 118
* 120
* 124
* 132
* 135
* 142
* 143
* 144
* 145
* 151
* 154
* 155
* 157
* 161
* 163
* 165
* 166
* 167
* 168
* 170
* 171
* 172
* 173
* 177
* 178
* 179
* 187
* 191
* 192
* 195
* 196
* 197
* 201
* 207
* 209
* 210
* 216
* 217
* 219
* 223
* 227
* 230
* 232
* 235A
* 235B
* 237
* 239
* 244
* 245
* 247
* 255
* 259
* 263
* 268
* 270
* 271
* 273
* 274
* 275
* 276
* 277
* 279
* 283
* 284
* 285
* 286
* 291
* 293
* 297
* 298
* 301
* 303
* 307
* 309
* 320
* 321
* 325
* 327
* 329
* 331
* 333
* 333B
* 335
* 336
* 337
* 337A
* 340
* 341
* 341B
* 342
* 343
* 344
* 345
* 347
* 349
* 350
* 351
* 352
* 353
* 355
* 356
* 357
* 359
* 363
* 364
* 367
* 369
* 377
* 391
* 413
* 417
* 426
* 428
* 429
* 430
* 435
* 442
* 445
* 448
* 450
* 478
* 480
* 481
* 487
* 493
* 497
* 519
* 521
* 530
* 533
* 535
* 538
* 539
* 540
* 541
* 543
* 545
* 547
* 548
* 550
* 554A
* 554B
* 555
* 556
* 557
* 558
* 560
* 564
* 565
* 567
* 570
* 577
* 578
* 583
* 584
* 585
* 586
* 589
* 593
* 594
* 596
* 599
* 600
* 601
* 615
* 617
* 622
* 624
* 635
* 636
* 640
* 647
* 648
* 649
* 655
* 667
* 681
* 682
* 690
* 699
* 701
* 702
* 707
* 713
* 715
* 720
* 725
* 726
* 731
* 734
* 747
* 748
* 755
* 756
* 758
* 762
* 767
* 768
* 773
* 779
* 787
* 788
* 790
* 799
* 800
* 806
* 808
* 809
* 811
* 814
* 815
* 825
* 827
* 829
* 830
* 831
* 833
* 835
* 836
* 837
* 838
* 839
* 840
* 842
* 844
* 848
* 849
* 850
* 851
* 853
* 858
* 859
* 863
* 864
* 867
* 868
* 872
* 873
* 874
* 878
* 879
* 880
* 881
* 883
* 887
* 892
* 894
* 895
* 899
* 902
* 905
* 907
* 908
* 921
* 926
* 929
* 934
* 936
* 941
* 942
* 943
* 944
* 945
* 947
* 948
* 950
* 951
* 955
* 958
* 960
* 963
* 965
* 966
* 967
* 975
* 977
* 981
* 985
* 988
* 989
* 991
* 993
* 997
* 998
* 1004
* 1007
* 1008
* 1009
* 1010
* 1011
* 1013
* 1015
* 1016
* 1017
* 1018
* 1019
* 1020
* 1021
* 1022
* 1026
* 1032
* 1033
* 1034
* 1035
* 1038
* 1041
* 1042
* 1043
* 1044
* 1045
* 1046
* 1047
* 1048
* 1048A
* 1051
* 1052
* 1055
* 1063
* 1064
* 1065
* 1069
* 1070
* 1071
* 1072
* 1073
* 1074
* 1075
* 1076
* 1078
* 1080
* 1085
* 1087
* 1090
* 1094
* 1095
* 1101
* 1104
* 1105
* 1107
* 1128
* 1137
* 1141
* 1142
* 1149
* 1153
* 1194
* 1211
* 1218
* 1219
* 1254
* 1280
* 7807
* 7808
* 7813
* 7821
* 7828
* 7829

Other|

* Arp 147
* Arp 256
* 3C 15
* 3C 17
* 3C 75
* Cetus Dwarf Spheroidal galaxy
* HCM-6A
* Holmberg 15A
* IC 1613
* IRAS F01475-0740
* Markarian 573
* Markarian 1014
* Markarian 1018
* Markarian 1044
* NAB 0205+024
* PHL 938
* PKS 0048-097
* PKS 0106+013
* PKS 0119-046
* PKS 0139-097
* PKS 0215+015
* PKS 0237-233
* PKS 0306+102
* QSO B0137+012
* QSO B0302-003
* SDSS J0303-0019
* SMM J02399-0136
* SXDF-NB1006-2
* 9Spitch
* Ton S180
* UM 673
* VV 114
* Wolf–Lundmark–Melotte

Galaxy
clusters|

* Abell 85
* Abell 119
* Abell 133
* Abell 151
* Abell 168
* Abell 194
* Abell 209
* Abell 222
* Abell 223
* Abell 267
* Abell 370
* Abell 400
* HCG 16
* IRC 0218
* JKCS 041
* RX J0152.7-1357

Other|

* GRB 000911
* GRB 041006
* GRB 050908
* GRB 060908
* GRB 091127
* SN 1984L
* SN 2005gj
* SN 2005hk

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