LiveScriptParadigm| multi-paradigm, functional, object-oriented

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Designed by| Jeremy Ashkenas, Satoshi Murakami, George Zahariev
Developer| Jeremy Ashkenas, Satoshi Murakami, George Zahariev
First appeared| 2011; 11 years ago (2011)
Stable release|

LiveScript 1.6.1 / 14 July 2020; 23 months ago (2020-07-14)[1]

Typing discipline| dynamic, weak
OS| Cross-platform
License| MIT
Filename extensions| `.ls`
Website| livescript.net
Influenced by
JavaScript, Haskell, CoffeeScript, F#

LiveScript is a functional programming language that compiles to JavaScript. It was created by Jeremy Ashkenas—the creator of CoffeeScript—along with Satoshi Muramaki, George Zahariev, and many others.[2] Not to be confused with JavaScript (for a brief period in the 1990s, LiveScript was the name of JavaScript).[3]

## Contents

* 1 Syntax
* 1.1 Name mangling
* 1.2 Pipes
* 1.3 Operators as functions
* 2 References
* 3 External links

## Syntax

LiveScript is an indirect descendant of CoffeeScript.[4] The following hello world program is written in LiveScript, but is also compatible with Coffeescript:

hello = ->
console.log 'hello, world!'

While calling a function can be done with empty parens, `hello()`, LiveScript treats the exclamation mark as a single-character shorthand for function calls with zero arguments: `hello!`

LiveScript introduces a number of other incompatible idioms:

### Name mangling

At compile time, the LiveScript parser implicitly converts kebab case (dashed variables and function names) to camelcase.

hello-world = ->
console.log 'Hello, World!'

With this definition, both the following calls are valid. However, calling using the same dashed syntax is recommended.

hello-world!
helloWorld!

This does not preclude developers from using camelcase explicitly or using snakecase. Dashed naming is however, common in idiomatic LiveScript[5]

### Pipes

Like a number of other functional programming languages such as F# and Elixir, LiveScript supports the pipe operator, `|>` which passes the result of the expression on the left of the operator as an argument to the expression on the right of it. Note that in F# the argument passed is the last argument, while in Elixir it is the first.

"hello!" |> capitalize |> console.log
# > Hello!

### Operators as functions

When parenthesized, operators such as `not` or `+` can be included in pipelines or called as if they were functions.

111 |> (+) 222
# > 333

(+) 1 2
# > 3

## References

1. ↑ "LiveScript Releases". https://github.com/gkz/LiveScript/tags.
2. ↑ "LiveScript contributors page". https://github.com/gkz/LiveScript/graphs/contributors.
3. ↑ "W3 Web Education Community Group". https://www.w3.org/community/webed/wiki/A_Short_History_of_JavaScript.
4. ↑ "LiveScript - a language which compiles to JavaScript". http://livescript.net/.
5. ↑ "prelude.ls - a functionally oriented utility library in LiveScript". http://www.preludels.com/.

## External links

* v
* t
* e

JavaScript

Code analysis|

* ESLint
* JSHint
* JSLint

Transcompilers|

* Babel.js
* CoffeeScript
* LiveScript
* Dart
* Emscripten
* Google Closure Compiler
* Google Web Toolkit
* Morfik
* TypeScript
* AtScript
* Opa
* Nim
* Haxe
* ClojureScript
* WebSharper
* PureScript
* Reason
* Elm

Concepts|

* Client-side
* JavaScript library
* JavaScript syntax
* Unobtrusive JavaScript

Debuggers|

* Firebug
* Komodo IDE
* Microsoft Script Debugger
* Microsoft Script Editor
* Opera Dragonfly
* Web Inspector

Doc generators|

* JSDoc

Editors (comparison)|

* Ace
* Cloud9 IDE
* Atom
* CodeMirror
* Light Table
* Brackets
* Koding
* PhpStorm
* Orion
* Visual Studio
* Visual Studio Express
* Visual Studio Code
* Visual Studio Team Services

Engines|

* Comparison of engines
* DOM support
* List of ECMAScript engines

Frameworks|

* Comparison of JavaScript frameworks
* List of JavaScript libraries

Related technologies|

* Cascading Style Sheets
* Document Object Model
* HTML
* Dynamic HTML
* Ajax
* JSON
* WebAssembly
* asm.js

Package managers|

* npm

Application Bundlers|

* Webpack

Server-side|

* Active Server Pages
* CommonJS
* JSGI
* Node.js
* Wakanda

Unit testing|

* Jasmine
* Mocha
* QUnit
* List of JavaScript unit testing frameworks
* Jest

People|

* Douglas Crockford
* Brendan Eich
* John Resig

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